Part b the impact of world war 11 'some people have the view that the events at dunkirk in 1940 deserve to be remembered as a triumph for britain and its people' how far do your sources support or contradict this interpretation? to answer this question you must have an effective structure for your essay. Give a brief background to the dunkirk story there is no need for evaluation of sources in the introduction. Explanation of the first interpretation eg dunkirk was a disaster 2 0r 3 paragraphs uses 4 sources there should be a clear statement of the interpretation you should show how people who support this interpretation have arrived at their views.

There should be discussion of evidence which can be used to support the interpretation. Explanation of the second interpretation eg dunkirk was a success 2 0r 3 paragraphs uses 4 sources there should be a clear statement of the interpretation you should show how people who support this interpretation have arrived at their views. There should be a judgement saying which set of evidence is considered to be the most valid in addressing the interpretation the british and french troops were forced into retreat towards the channel port of dunkirk by the germans attack. The only hope for the allies was to evacuate the troops before dunkirk fell into the hands of the germans. Between 27 may and 4 june, as the german air force pounded the beaches, the royal navy evacuated men back to england.

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Source a, b, c, d, e, f, g and i inform us about the evacuation from dunkirk in 1940 in various forms ways. Some sources agree with the question that the evacuation from dunkirk in world war two was a great disaster for britain while other sources disagree and say that it was a success. This essay will investigate how the sources interpret the evacuation from dunkirk in 1940 sources a, b, d have similar themes in that they disagree with the statement and believe that the evacuation of dunkirk was a success. They are british sources and so would believe that the evacuation was a success rather than a failure. Source a is winston churchill's speech to the house of commons on the 4th june 1940, following the evacuation of dunkirk. In the statement, churchill explains that evacuation of dunkirk was a miracle of deliverance and that wars are not won by evacuations.

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As cundall is an official war artist, he would have been appointed by the government, so you are not sure whether this was painted for propaganda purposes or that this was what cundall had seen. If cundall was not there, then cundall may have had no choice but to portray dunkirk as a success because the government would have given information that would be positive. In the painting the evacuation seems to be portrayed better than it actually is and that it was not a failure. Therefore this source does link in with source a, in that you get the sense of a moral victory which was supported by winston churchill view in source a. A 'miracle of deliverance' which both sources have and also turning defeat through to victory by the means of propaganda. In some ways source i is limited as the painting could be portrayed to boost morale and show the unity of dunkirk, the dunkirk spirit. From our own knowledge we can say the source is useful because we know around 350,0 men were evacuated and clearly in the painting there are vast amount of troops being evacuated.

If rifles were left behind you get the feeling anything heavier or bigger was left behind too. However the source is limited because this shows only one aspect and show the troops evacuating or what sort of ships were used by the british to evacuate the troops. Overall the source is reliable because it was not for publication, not from the government and so not for propaganda either. There was to perspective for the photo, just another person who owned a camera taking a photo.

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Whereas in source e, horrock was there at the time so it is a primary source however he wrote it around 20 years after dunkirk so his memory have been distorted or his emotions have taken over his writing. He was also writing in hindsight and he knew what happened at the end as well, which may have changed the way he thought during the time. He was a brigadier and so was in charge of many soldiers, so he must have some authority. The source is useful because it shows that troops were ashamed and exhausted, it was a complete shambles, they made a mess and shows that they were not organised.

However it is limited because he was writing it 20 years after the event itself and therefore he may have changed the way he thought about dunkirk. The source is useful to us because there is a lot of information and the source agrees with the question. The above preview is unformatted text gcse history coursework dunkirk: miracle or disaster? by chloe halloran 11c the evacuation of dunkirk is one of the most famous manoeuvres in military history. It is a controversial subject that is hailed as a miracle by many people and a disaster by others.

Codenamed operation dynamo by the british, dunkirk was the large evacuation of allied soldiers from may 26th to june 4th 1940, during the battle of dunkirk. British vice admiral bertram ramsay planned the operation and briefed winston churchill in the dynamo room a room in the naval headquarters below dover castle. This room contained the dynamo that provided the electricity, giving the operation its name. After the german invasion of france and the low countries, the allied war plan failed when an unexpected german attack occurred through the ardennes. It split the allied forces in two and with the germans on the advance, operation dynamo was necessary to save the retreating british expeditionary force bef and allies from the treacherous beaches of dunkirk. Many people believe that operation dynamo was a miracle mainly because of the number of troops it saved. According to the official statistics, source b quoted in winston churchill's 'second world war' vol.ii 338,226 soldiers were successfully evacuated from the beaches and returned safely back to england.

Despite this threat the allied troops remained calm and waited patiently in organized lines ready to be evacuated. This saying was used to describe the conduct of the men on the beaches, the participation of the little ships and the moral and camaraderie of the british public. Dunkirk spirit' stands for an almost romantic belief in the solidarity of the british people in times of adversity. 68,1 men of the bef were captured or killed during blitzkrieg, retreat and evacuation.

Britain was also forced to abandon almost all of her equipment 2,427 guns, 63,879 vehicles, 20,548 motorcycles, 76,097 tons of ammunition and 416,940 tons of stores. Of the 933 ships that took part in operation dynamo, 236 were lost and 61 put out of action. 40,0 french soldiers became prisoners of war and 1,0 dunkirk civilians died during blitzkrieg attacks. The evacuation and later surrender of dunkirk led to the fall of france on june 14th 1940. Another short coming of the bef was the fact that they were ill equipped to fight a superior german army. Morale was so high that the newly appointed prime minister winston churchill was compelled to address the house of commons.

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Churchill told the commons dunkirk was a miracle of deliverance following a colossal military defeat. To counteract the mood of elation he asserted we must be very careful not to assign to this deliverance the attributes of a victory. He was praised for his realism in his first great speech, announcing a secret session would take place the following tuesday to discuss the organization of defence measures against possible invasion. In conclusion, i believe dunkirk to be more than just a piece of military history.