Summary of peer reviewed research most scientists have a detailed knowledge of their own narrow field of specialization, a general knowledge of fundamental science, an understanding of the scientific method, and a mental model that encompasses a broad range of scientific disciplines. When a scientist desires to refine his understanding of a specific scientific subject, he often begins by reading one or more review articles about that topic. As he reads, he compares the facts given in the review with his mental model of the subject, refining his model and updating it with current information. The essential facts given in the review must be referenced to the peer reviewed scientific research literature, so that the reader can check the assertions and conclusions of the article and obtain more detailed information about aspects that interest him. A 12 page review article about the human caused global warming hypothesis is circulated with the petition.

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The factual information cited in this article is referenced to the underlying research literature, in this case by 132 references listed at the end of the article. Although written primarily for scientists, most of this article can be understood without formal scientific training. This article was submitted to many scientists for comments and suggestions before it was finalized and submitted for publication. The united nations ipcc also publishes a research review in the form of a voluminous, occasionally updated report on the subject of climate change, which the united nations asserts is authored by approximately 600 scientists.

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These authors are not, however – as is ordinarily the custom in science – permitted power of approval the published review of which they are putative authors. They are permitted to comment on the draft text, but the final text neither conforms to nor includes many of their comments. The final text conforms instead to the united nations objective of building support for world taxation and rationing of industrially useful energy. Allie winegar duzett mdash november 12, 2009 lord christopher monckton is known for many things. He was a science advisor to margaret thatcher, and in recent years he developed the famous eternity puzzle.

But most currently, lord monckton has been making waves with his many arguments against alleged global warming. Lord monckton addressed this very issue climate change at accuracy in medias 40 th anniversary conference, held on october 23, 2009. He began by discussing an article he had published in a united states scientific journal, physics and society. The peer reviewed article, he said, was printed but shortly after its printing the editors who decided to run it were sacked. And why? because it was deemed inappropriate to cycle information that could lead to conclusions that global warming is, in fact, a lie. This is how even in the learned journals the truth is not being told, lord monckton said.

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Lord monckton made sure to cite every claim he made, and the claims he made were grand: first of all, in the oceans, it has now been established by douglas and knox 2009 that there has been no warming, no heat accumulation, in the oceans for sixty eight years. That is fatal to the notion that co2 or any other greenhouse gas has a major effect rather than merely a small one on temperature, he said, adding that a man named spencer is about to publish a paper saying that as far as the clouds are concerned there is only a warming of one fahrenheit degree. He went on to ask the crucial question when it comes to global warming: if atmospheric carbon dioxide does indeed double in the next century, how much warming will we get? he asked. The un says six degrees fahrenheit, but what is the actual truth? once again the warming effect of co2 over the entire next century will be about one fahrenheit degree. The problem here seems to be that the media, the united nations, and the editors of journals like physics and society.

Have agendas that can only be implemented through eco alarmism fueled by fake science. As lord monckton pointed out, no one has died from global warming thus far but people are starving to death as a result of aid food going to make biofuel instead. No one has died from climate change but people die by the hundreds daily in africa due to eco alarm over things like the failure to spray ddt in order to prevent malaria. What the media who have failed to report the truth about climate change have managed to do is to make the absurd seem simple, and the simple seem absurd, lord christopher monckton said. One of the basic foundations of modern science, whether it be medicine, physics or climatology, is peer review. Peer review means new scientific discoveries, ideas, and implications are not accepted or considered valid until they have been scrutinized, critiqued, and favorably reviewed by other scientists who are experts in the same area or scientific field. The peer review process commonly takes place as a prerequisite to the publication of a scientific paper.

When scientists wish to publish papers on their scientific discoveries, the journal to which the paper is submitted usually will ask two or more other scientists in the same or a similar field i.e. Scientific peers to review the paper.these reviewers will rigorously evaluate the work to make sure that the results are well supported by the data. If the paper passes the review and is accepted for publication, we can assume that the science is well founded and valid. Sometimes the paper does not pass the review and is not published, but more often, the reviewers ask questions that the authors of the manuscript have to address satisfactorily before their paper is published.

When a scientist or informed non scientist wishes to evaluate new or controversial scientific papers, one of the first things they usually ask is if the paper was published in a journal that requires critical peer reviews. Journals such as science and nature are among the most highly regarded journals in terms of the peer review process. Articles and opinions published in newspapers or popular press magazines for example, time and newsweek are not peer reviewed, and thus must be considered with caution if they are not based on a peer reviewed scientific papers. Moreover, some scientific books and journals do not involve rigorous peer reviews, readers must be careful not to put much scientific faith in what is presented in these books or journals. The peer review process sets a scientific standard we know that peer reviewed scientific work has been subjected to rigorous scientific evaluation by experts in the appropriate field and has been judged valid. All of the scientific journal results reported in this w site, a paleo perspective on global warming, have undergone this level of scientific peer review. James powell thursday, november 15th, 2012 the gold standard of science is the peer reviewed literature.

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If there is disagreement among scientists, based not on opinion but on hard evidence, it will be found in the peer reviewed literature. Polls show that many members of the public believe that scientists substantially disagree about human caused global warming. I searched the web of science, an online science publication tool, for peer reviewed scientific articles published between january first 1991 and november 9th 2012 that have the keyword phrases global warming or global climate change. I read whatever combination of titles, abstracts, and entire articles was necessary to identify articles that reject human caused global warming. To be classified as rejecting, an article had to clearly and explicitly state that the theory of global warming is false or, as happened in a few cases, that some other process better explains the observed warming. Articles that merely claimed to have found some discrepancy, some minor flaw, some reason for doubt, i did not classify as rejecting global warming.

Articles about methods, paleoclimatology, mitigation, adaptation, and effects at least implicitly accept human caused global warming and were usually obvious from the title alone. John cook and dana nuccitelli also reviewed and assigned some of these articles john provided invaluable technical expertise. 2005 who searched for articles published between 1993 and 2003 with the keyword phrase global climate change. Some articles on global warming may use other keywords, for example, climate change without the global prefix. But there is no reason to think that the proportion rejecting global warming would be any higher. By my definition, 24 of the 13,950 articles, 0.17 percent or 1 in 581, clearly reject global warming or endorse a cause other than co2 emissions for observed warming.

The 24 articles have been cited a total of 113 times over the nearly 21 year period, for an average of close to 5 citations each. That compares to an average of about 19 citations for articles answering to global warming, for example. Four of the rejecting articles have never been cited four have citations in the double digits. Of one thing we can be certain: had any of these articles presented the magic bullet that falsifies human caused global warming, that article would be on its way to becoming one of the most cited in the history of science. The top ten countries represented, in order, are usa, england, china, germany, japan, canada, australia, france, spain, and netherlands. Global warming deniers often claim that bias prevents them from publishing in peer reviewed journals.