Population Capital And Economic Growth Selected Essays Text

Most of them were prepared for presentation at various conferences, others were lectures delivered on special occasions. Despite their ad hoc character, the essays are limited to a few broad themes: population and its relation to economic growth, capital formation in long historical perspective, the broader features of modern economic growth, and recent changes in the gap between the rich and poor countries. Even the essay on problems in the supply of and demand for economic data has some bearing on the others, since it deals with the conditions that limit the quantitative study of economic growth. As with most such collections, publication of this one is primarily for the convenience of having the interrelated essays assembled between two covers. On re reading them, i found need for stylistic changes alone, and for minor revisions to reduce duplication.

Essay Topics Public Administration

Lillian weksler, who helped me in the original preparation of the papers, as well as in the review for re publication. Finally, thanks are due to the publishers, as indicated in footnotes to the essays, for permission to reprint. 1973 simon kuznets subscribe today! full access to this book and over 83,0 more over 10 million journal, magazine, and newspaper articles access to powerful writing and research tools simon kuznets 1901 1985 won the nobel memorial prize in economic sciences in 1971. His contributions to the field include the kuznets curve, which revolutionized the field of developmental economics. when simon kuznets was awarded the nobel prize in economics in 1971, his citation read, in part. His empirically based scholarly work has led to a new and more profound insight into the economic and social structure and the process of change and development. These qualities are evident in the essays in this volume, drawn from professor kuznet's work of the past eight years. the essays center on a few broad themes: population and its relation to economic growth, capital formation in long historical perspective, the broader features of modern economic growth, and recent changes in the gap between the rich and poor countries.

Even a selection on the supply of and demand for economic data bears on the others, since it deals with the conditions that limit the quantitative study of economic growth. Included in the volume and published for the first time in book form is professor kuznet's nobel laureate address, modern economic growth: findings and reflections. Published: 23, march 2015 this paper examines correlation between population growth and economic growth in indonesia by adding lagged fertility and net migrants as potential explanatory variables. In this way, we differentiate the short run and long run effects of population growth on economic growth.

Since extensive migration policies have been taken nationwide in indonesia, we hypothesize that adding net migrants in the regression as a new control could significantly affect the correlation between the two variables. The results suggest that lagged fertility does not affect the two variable analysis. Once net migrants are incorporated into a regression model, we obtain the significance of negative correlation between population growth and economic growth. The results not only support both malthusian and non malthusian schools of thought but also suggest that net migrants are key determinants to be controlled to analyze economic growth in indonesia. Who wrote this essay request removal example essays chapter 1: introduction this paper attempts to examine correlation between population growth and economic growth in indonesia.

More than one century the relationship between population growth and economic growth has been debated. On this issue, it is well known that there are mainly two schools of thought: i malthusian and ii non malthusian boserupian schools. The claim of malthusian is that population increases at a geometric rate, whereas the food supply grows at an arithmetic rate. Therefore, the malthusian school concludes that population growth has adverse effects on economic growth overall. Non malthusian school boserupian asserts that population may have a scale effect that is positive for economic growth.

In particular, boserup 1981 studies the long term interrelationship between demographic trends and technological development, and concludes that technological innovation and diffusion respond substantially to demand pulls generated by population growth. Boserup further insists that population growth is not a bad thing or even considered benefit to society. Following his argument, several studies also suggest that population growth stimulates the growth of economy mokyr, 1982 cavin, 1984. Although many times in debates, there is little systematic research about the impact of population growth on economic growth. The negative correlation between population growth and economic growth could hold when the growth in total output is unaffected by the growth of population.

In this case, a rise in the rate of population growth would entail a corresponding reduction in the growth of output per capita. The scientific community generally accepts the conjecture that population growth hinders economic development. Several past studies also find this negative relationship between the two variables, such as hazledine and moreland 1977 , jackman 1982 , mcnicoll 1984 , coale 1986 , bloom and freeman 1988 , kelley and schmidt 1994, 1995 , and barlow 1994. In the other branch of results, several empirical analyses, such as easterlin 1967 , kuznet 1967 , simon and gobin 1980 , bairoch 1981 , firebaugh 1983 and simon 1989 , find no correlation or even a positive one. In other words, a negative causal effect of population growth on economic growth is not identified statistically.

One of the distinct works is crenshaw, ameen and christenson 1997 that study 75 developing countries, and analyzed the annual average percentage change in real gross domestic product per capita from 1965 to 1990 on demographic models. They find that an increase in the child population hinders economic progress, while an increase in the adult population fosters economic development. The most influential work in this vein of research is simon 1989 , which provides the logic of why many studies yield different conclusions on relationship between population growth and economic growth. He claims that most of past works do not refer to the very long run, but rather usually cover only a quarter of century or a century at most. He further argues that shorter term effects upon the standard of living operate chiefly through capital dilution that includes the public costs of raising children and the costs of providing production capital for the additional persons in the work place. He also claims that the most important positive effects of additional people can be realized only in the long run through improvement of productivity, the contribution of new ideas and the learning by doing resulting from increased production volume.

Simon mentions that absence of correlation between two variables can usually be considered a strong indication that neither variable is influencing the other, in other word, that slower population growth does not cause faster economic development. More specifically, his argument is as follows: the only persuasive argument against such a conclusion as a plausible scenario in which one or more specified variables that have been omitted from the analysis would, if included, lead to a negative partial relationship between population growth and economic development. The variables must be named by the critic, and they must seem reasonable. neoclassical growth: m. Abramovitz 1956 resource and output trends in the united states since 1870 , american economic review. Abramovitz 1962 economic growth in the united sates , american economic review. Atkinson 1969 the time scale of economic models: how long is the long run? , review of economic studies.