The term lung cancer refers to carcinomas that originate from the respiratory epithelium. Approximately 85 % of all lung cancers are classified as non small cell lung cancer nsclc , 10 % are small cell lung cancer and other histological variants account for about 5 %. 1 lung cancer represents the second most common type of cancer in both men after prostate cancer and women after breast cancer in the western world. 1 it is estimated that approximately 220,0 new cases of lung cancer occurred during 2009 in the us. 1,2 both the absolute and relative frequency of lung cancer has risen dramatically, for example the age adjusted death rates from lung cancer were similar to that of pancreatic cancer prior to 1930 for men and prior to 1960 for women. 1 although the incidence of lung cancer is declining in men, it continues to rise in women.

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1 unfortunately, lung cancer remains by far the most frequent cause of cancer related death, with approximately 159,0 deaths observed in 2009 in the us. 1 by contrast, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers combined will have been responsible for only 118,0 deaths. 1 although lung cancer deaths have begun to decline in men, the death rate in women continues to rise and almost half of all lung cancer deaths now occur in women.

1 the vast majority of patients are diagnosed with advanced, unresectable disease that remains incurable. This has a five year survival rate of 3 whereas the five year survival rate for all stages is approximately 15 %. 4 small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors are standard therapies for several types of cancer, including chronic myeloid leukemia, epidermal growth factor receptor egfr –mutated non–small cell lung cancer nsclc , and alk rearranged nsclc.

Although these therapies can be highly effective, hellip january 7, 2016 shaw a.t. N engl j med 2016 37 61 the field of public health aims to improve the health of as many people as possible as rapidly as possible. Since 1900, the average life span in the united states has increased by more than 30 years 25 years of this gain have been attributed to public health advances.

Globally, life expectancy hellip although the incidence of lung cancer has decreased in the united states, western europe, and australia as tobacco control regulations have taken effect, china has increasingly borne more and more of the burden of the lung cancer epidemic, with lung cancer mortality rates increasing significantly between 1990 and 2010. This special issue of cancer was undertaken to examine the state of the art in lung cancer research and tobacco control in china in 2015 in a single issue. Khuri article first published online: 1 sep 2015 doi: 10.1002/cncr.29600 in this special issue of cancer.

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We feature a telling, and we believe insightful, glimpse into the impact tobacco use has had on china. Together, the articles presented paint a grim picture of the future of tobacco related cancers in china unless immediate, comprehensive measures are implemented within the country to significantly reduce tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke. This review summarizes the differences between smoking related lung cancer and non ndash smoking related lung cancer. Overall, smoking related lung cancer is more complicated than non ndash smoking related lung cancer. Furthermore, the prevalence of driver genes in smoking associated and non ndash smoking associated lung cancers in the chinese population is reviewed. Lung cancer is an international publication covering the clinical, translational and basic science of malignancies of the lung and chest region. Original research articles, short communications, case reports, review articles and editorials covering the prevention, epidemiology and etiology, basic biology, pathology, clinical assessment, surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, combined treatment modalities, other treatment modalities and outcomes of lung cancer are all welcome.

Correspondence articles to the journals are also welcomed although authors should be aware that the majority will be published online only. Short communications should briefly describe the initial results of a research topic and will be expedited through peer review. Manuscripts describing studies on cell lines will only be considered if the data compares at least two types of distinct cell lines and the results have general implications on the understanding of the biology of chest tumours. Authors of studies on cell lines must also agree to make freely available to other researchers any of the cells, clones of cells, or dna or antibodies, etc, that were used in the research reported and that are not available from commercial suppliers. All original papers submitted to lung cancer will be evaluated by the journal's editors. Those manuscripts which are judged as being eligible for consideration by the editors will be subject to peer review. Manuscripts should be submitted online at in a covering letter, please identify the person responsible for editorial correspondence address, telephone and fax numbers and e mail address.

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All authors should have made substantial contributions to all of the following: 1 the conception and design of the study, or acquisition of data, or analysis and interpretation of data, 2 drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, 3 final approval of the version to be submitted. A statement should also be included stating that the manuscript, including related data, figures and tables has not been published previously and that the manuscript is not under consideration elsewhere. Also include the word count of your article on the cover letter and details of any previous submission. Authors should supply the names and email addresses of up to three potential reviewers for their manuscript, at least one of which must be in a different country. Please do not suggest reviewers from your own institution, previous or current collaborators, or editorial board members.

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If you have any problems submitting to the system please contact the journal manager, ali seedhouse, in the editorial office on tel. [email protected] ethics in publishing human and animal rights if the work involves the use of human subjects, the author should ensure that the work described has been carried out in accordance with the code of ethics of the world medical association declaration of helsinki for experiments involving humans, all animal experiments should be carried out in accordance with the u.k. Animals scientific procedures act, 1986 and associated guidelines, eu directive 2010/63/eu for animal experiments. Or the national institutes of health guide for the care and use of laboratory animals nih publications no.

8023, revised 1978 and the authors should clearly indicate in the manuscript that such guidelines have been followed. all animal studies need to ensure they comply with the arrive guidelines. more information can be found at conflict of interest submission declaration reporting clinical trials randomized controlled trials should be presented according to the consort guidelines. At manuscript submission, authors must provide the consort checklist accompanied by a flow diagram that illustrates the progress of patients through the trial, including recruitment, enrollment, randomization, withdrawal and completion, and a detailed description of the randomization procedure. The consort checklist and template flow diagram can be found on registration of clinical trials registration in a public trials registry is a condition for publication of clinical trials in this journal in accordance with international committee of medical journal editors icmje, article transfer service this journal is part of our article transfer service. This means that if the editor feels your article is more suitable in one of our other participating journals, then you may be asked to consider transferring the article to one of those.