According to the publication manual of the american psychological association sixth edition , citations include the authors' last names and publication years at the beginning of book quotes. Book quotes with 40 or more words are indented 1/2 inch from the left margin without quotation marks. According to the mla handbook for writers of research paper seventh edition , citations for short book quotes include the author's last name and page number in parenthesis. Long passages of four or more lines are indented 1 inch from the left margin without quotation marks. The parenthetical author's name and page number are placed at the end of the cite. Apa cites include the author's name, publication year, book title, and location and name of the publisher. Mla requires the author's last and first name, book title, location and name of the publisher, and year published.

Mla also identifies the publication medium at the end of the cite, such as print. type short quotations of three lines or less in the text of your essay. insert a slash with a space on each side to separate the lines of the poem. Here is an example of several lines of poetry from robert frost’s stopping by woods on a snowy evening: im doing an essay over the twilight movie vs the book.

The quotes are: best answer mla format: his skin, white despite the faint flush from yesterday’s hunting trip, literally sparkled, like thousands of tiny diamonds were embedded in the surface. He lay perfectly still in the grass, his shirt open over his sculpted, incandescent chest, his scintillating arms bare. His glistening, pale lavender lids were shut, though of course he didn 039 t sleep.

A perfect statue, curved in some unknown stone, smooth like marble, glittering like crystal meyer _. Citing quotations quoting involves using exact words, phrases and sentences from a source, setting them off with quotation marks, and citing where the information was taken from. Below is a passage taken from leslie berestein's article healthy or not, the hookah habit is hot, which appeared in the janurary 27, 2003 issue of time magazine, volume 161, issue 4. For centuries, men in the middle east have gathered around hookahs to puff fruit scented smoke, talk and pass the time.

In the west, however, the water pipe became synonymous with drug culture in the 1960s, an association that lingers. But in the past couple of years, the hookah has been resurrected in youth oriented coffeehouses, restaurants and bars, supplanting the cigar as the tobacco fad of the moment. here is an example of what would be considered plagiarism of this passage: example 1 men in the mid east have used hookahs to puff smoke for centuries. The hookah has been resurrected today in coffeehouses, restaurants and bars supplanting the cigar as the tobacco fad of the moment.

reason why example 1 is plagiarism: notice the writer of this passage liberally borrows words, phrases and parts of sentences from the berestein passage even quoting parts but gives no indication of where the information came from. Even if the berestein book is cited at the end of the paper in the bibliography, there is no indication that this particular passage came from the book. here are some examples of what would be considered acceptable quotations from this passage: example 2 according to leslie berestein 2003 , the middle eastern water pipe known as the hookah recently has been resurrected in youth oriented coffeehouses, restaurants and bars, supplanting the cigar as the tobacco fad of the moment p. reason why example 2 is acceptable: the writer uses american psychological association apa style to cite the author berestein by introducing the quotation with the phrase according to berestein . The 10 at the end of the quoted passage indicates the page number from which the quote was taken in the berestein book. A reference list at the end of your paper would list the complete citation for the berestein book. example 3 the middle eastern water pipe known as the hookah has recently been resurrected in youth oriented coffeehouses, restaurants and bars, supplanting the cigar as the tobacco fad of the moment berestein 10.

reason why example 3 is acceptable: in this example, the writer cites the source using the modern language associaton mla style, with the author's name and page number cited at the end of the quote. example 4 the middle eastern water pipe known as the hookah recently has been resurrected in youth oriented coffeehouses, restaurants and bars, supplanting the cigar as the tobacco fad of the moment. 1 reason why example 4 is acceptable: here, the writer uses turabian style to reference the author, by marking the cited source with a footnote/endnote number. A footnote or endnote will appear later in the paper either at the bottom of the page or the end of the paper containing the complete citation for the author, including the page number. Notice that in each of these examples, the writer quotes berestein's words exactly as it was given within the sentence. Whenever you quote someone else's words, you have to write them exactly as they originally appear. Apa, which sets style rules for papers written in the field of social science, refers to quotes with more than 40 words as a block quotation.

Start the quote on a new line, indenting the quote 189 inch from the left margin you do not have to indent the right margin. Double space the quotation, end it with a period and then include the citation information. By setting off the quote in this manner, you do not have to enclose it in quotation marks. Mla, which sets style for papers written in the field of the arts and humanities, calls a long quote that consists of more than four lines of prose or three lines of verse just that: a long quotation. Omit quotation marks as you begin the quote on a new line, indenting it 1 inch from the left margin you do not have to indent the right margin. Double space the quotation, place a period at the end and then include the citation information. If you are quoting multiple paragraphs, indent only the first line by an extra 188 inch.

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Quotes can speak volumes, but only if your reader knows who's talking and understands the context. Preface your quote with enough information so that it makes sense and the reader can appreciate it. For example, you might say, hemingway understands how real people argue, as he shows in a confrontation between jake barnes and lady brett ashley in the sun also rises: before you break out the long quote. An awkwardly placed footnote or reference obstructs the flow of your paper. The non binding guidelines below are intended to maximize your paper's readability.

as a rule, place footnotes or references at the end of sentences. Avoid placing them in the middle of sentences if possible. the claim that the rape of nanking surpasses much of the worst barbarism of the ages chang 5 has been a source of disagreement between western and japanese scholars. The claim that the rape of nanking surpasses much of the worst barbarism of the ages has been a source of disagreement between western and japanese scholars chang 5. if, in one paragraph, you list multiple quotes from the same page of a source, there is no need to cite that source anew each time.

Use just one reference instead, placed after the last of your quotes or perhaps at the end of the paragraph to sum up the shared source of all your quotes. the claim that the rape of nanking surpasses much of the worst barbarism of the ages has been a source of disagreement between western and japanese scholars chang 5 . Chinese american scholar iris chang argues that the rape of nanking represents one of the worst instances of mass extermination ever chang 5 . In fact, she notes, the death toll of nanking one chinese city alone exceeds the number of civilian casualties of some european countries for the entire war chang 5 . The claim that the rape of nanking surpasses much of the worst barbarism of the ages has been a source of disagreement between western and japanese scholars. Chinese american scholar iris chang argues that the rape of nanking represents one of the worst instances of mass extermination ever.

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In fact, she notes, the death toll of nanking one chinese city alone exceeds the number of civilian casualties of some european countries for the entire war chang 5. even if multiple quotes from one source are not from the same exact page, as above, you can still summarize them in one reference placed after the last of your quotes or at the end of the paragraph. In this case, the individual page numbers cited are separated by commas. In both mla and chicago. some western historians claim that the rape of nanking surpasses much of the worst barbarism of the ages. Iris chang, for example, describes corpses piled up outside the city walls, along the river which had turned red with blood , ponds and lakes, and on hills and mountains chang 5, 46. Note: when summarizing multiple quotes from the same source in one reference, the order of the page numbers listed in the reference reflects the order in which the quotes are listed in your text.

You can still summarize them into one reference placed after the last quote or at the end of the paragraph. In this case, separate the different authors listed in your reference by a semicolon. In both mla and chicago. writing on the rape of nanking, iris chang describes corpses piled up outside the city walls, along the river which had turned red with blood , ponds and lakes, and on hills and mountains. Japanese scholars, however, dispute this version of events, suggesting that chang describes 'mountains of dead bodies' that no one saw chang 46 masaaki ch. note: the order in which the citations are listed in the reference reflects the order in which the quotes themselves are listed in the text. final note: don't go overboard when summarizing multiple sources in one reference. Mla recommends listing no more than three sources, maximum, in any one reference.