Article Review University Text

Jonathan Friesen - Writing Coach

As you pay closer attention to the article, note the author's thesis and supporting ideas. Reflect in depth on the author's thesis and how she supports her position and claims. Consider whether the author present a valid argument, provides appropriate supporting evidence and whether the information provided gives you reason to agree or disagree with the thesis and individual points. Discuss whether the article offers new insights into its topic and whether it provides any new insights.

This guide is the first of three looking at the purpose and process of conducting a literature review. It includes advice on: printable pdf version: starting your literature review this is designed to be printed double sided on a4 paper, then folded to make an a5 leaflet. New discoveries don't materialise out of nowhere they build upon the findings of previous experiments and investigations. A literature review shows how the investigation you are conducting fits with what has gone before and puts it into context. If you are doing a lab write up or a shorter report, some background reading may be required to give context to your work, but this is usually included as an analysis in the introduction and discussion sections.

A literature review is a select analysis of existing research which is relevant to your topic, showing how it relates to your investigation. It explains and justifies how your investigation may help answer some of the questions or gaps in this area of research. A literature review is not a straightforward summary of everything you have read on the topic and it is not a chronological description of what was discovered in your field. A longer literature review may have headings to help group the relevant research into themes or topics. This gives a focus to your analysis, as you can group similar studies together and compare and contrast their approaches, any weaknesses or strengths in their methods, and their findings.

One common way to approach a literature review is to start out broad and then become more specific. First briefly explain the broad issues related to your investigation you don't need to write much about this, just demonstrate that you are aware of the breadth of your subject. Finally, hone in on any research which is directly related to your specific investigation. Proportionally you spend most time discussing those studies which have most direct relevance to your research. Start by identifying what you will need to know to inform your research: what research has already been done on this topic? what are the sub areas of the topic you need to explore? what other research perhaps not directly on the topic might be relevant to your investigation? how do these sub topics and other research overlap with your investigation? note down all your initial thoughts on the topic. You can use a spidergram or list to help you identify the areas you want to investigate further.

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It is important to do this before you start reading so that you don't waste time on unfocussed and irrelevant reading. It's easy to think that the best way to search for texts is to use the internet to 'google it'. However, for most literature reviews you will need to focus on academically authoritative texts like academic books, journals, research reports, government publications. Searching google will give you thousands of hits, few of them authoritative, and you will waste time sorting through them. These are available through the library in paper and electronic usually online forms.

The suggestions here will help you to improve your search techniques for books, journal articles and other texts, not just on databases, but also in the library catalogue and in online searches. Use journal articles: they normally have the most up to date research and you will be expected to refer to them in your literature review. The library will have a liaison librarian for your topic and guides to finding information in your subject. These are very useful for identifying relevant sources but do go back to the original texts and develop your own critical analysis if possible. Another good way to find sources is to look at the reference lists in articles or books already identified as relevant to your topic. You will be expected to prioritise recent research, but it's also important to acknowledge the standard texts in your field. An easy way to identify these is to check reference lists to see which texts are frequently cited.

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postgraduates: unlike undergraduates, you will be expected to focus on the most up to date research. Writing a critical review of a journal article can help to improve your research skills. By assessing the work of others, you develop skills as a critical reader and become familiar with the types of evaluation criteria that will be applied to research in your field and thus your own research. You are expected to read the article carefully, analyse it, and evaluate the quality and originality of the research, as well as its relevance and presentation. Do not be confused by the term critique: it does not mean that you only look at the negative aspects of what the researcher has done. If your lecturer has given you specific advice on how to write a critical review, follow that advice.

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These steps are based on a detailed description of how to analyse and evaluate a research article provided by wood 2003 in her lab guide. The first part, researching the critique, outlines the steps involved in selecting and evaluating a research article. The second part, writing your critique, discusses two possible ways to structure your critique paper. The questions listed under many of the subheadings in this section may provide you with a good place to begin understanding what you are looking for and what form your critique might take. If your lecturer does not assign a topic or a particular article for you to review, and you must choose a topic yourself, try using a review article from your field.

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