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If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the citations tab in your profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation. Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various repec services. Swan, university of alabama at birmingham the purposes of this paper are threefold: cycle plc research to pinpoint areas requiring further investigation and to provide guidelines for future researchers.

Because of the paucity of empirical evidence, only tentative conclusions are advanced. For example, common plc pattern is the classical, bell shaped curve, but it is not the sole shape. However, although it shares the same title, contemporary plm is quite different from the early 20th century’s product life cycle management culture, which was established upon the basis of the classical life cycle body of theory, which continued to be refined, right up to the end of 1960s.

A comprehensive understanding of the creation and deployment of different strands of plm strategy requires a knowledge of the basis of such paradigms that is, the variety of product life cycle theories available to the researcher, and how these have come about. This paper reviews relevant product life cycle models presented historically in the literature and divides them into two categories the long established marketing product life cycle model, and the emergent engineering product life cycle model. An explanation of the former model leads to an understanding of its perceived shortcomings, and the reason for the take up 1 introduction product lifecycle management plm receives considerable attention from a wide range of academic disciplines, and from all aspects of the business community. Among this paper’s objectives is to plot briefly the contemporary development of the product life cycle concept from its initial beginnings in marketing, to its take up by researchers in other fields, with a subsequent concentration upon the models of the product life cycle that are often unconsciously informing much of the popular debate on the subject of plm.

As will become clear from the discussion below, the product life cycle literature, and internet forums sites dedicated to business solutions we can see that it posits an optimistic future for a brand of plm that remains essentially mechanistic in its origin. In this view plm development has really depended upon the idea of an evolution and continual assimilation of computer oriented product based solutions, from early engineering design applications e.g. Vendors have built their reputation on their ability to integrate these widely varying systems into coherent, inter organisational plm solutions, with differentiation between them depending very much upon the variety of plm extras that they can offer to their customers.

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The theoretical reliance upon a mechanistic, computer enabled, plm infrastructure, as described in above, that subsumes all previously developed product technologies, cannot adequately address problems outside of its original remit issues such as those examined by supply chain, extended enterprise, and virtual enterprise researchers, for example. Instead, inhibiting factors upon plm such as unclear customer requirements, shorter delivery times and numerous technical constraints lee et al. 2006: product data interoperability, system application interoperability, and process interoperability may only be solved if a value chain orientation is factored in for our consideration. The major problem with the current vendor oriented plm remit, as described above, is that it cannot adequately handle such an additional value chain focus instead, such a change strategies such as pricing dean, 1950 or product manufacture, and determining when a product should be discontinued kotler, 1965. From these early studies a biologically inspired life cycle of the product emerged that was divided into four phases birth, growth, maturity, and decline , together with the familiar bell shaped curve describing a simple parabola upon an axis of sales volume versus time levitt, 1965. This theory was well established by the 1960s, with sharp criticism of the approach first appeared in the 1970s. Concerns over the construct’s validity when applied empirically, caused ambivalence towards the theory in the marketing environment in the long term day, 1981.

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The purpose of this paper is to provide clarity for the term product life cycle , and to chart its development from a marketing concept, to its wider emergence as a tool that is now used by an ever broadening set of professionals academics, researchers, consultants, vendors etc. The need for analysis upon this issue is necessary, not just to clarify the apparent mutability of the term although this is important, but also to ensure the appropriate provision of a correct understanding of the models that are informing the current debate. This debate is emerging inside academic circles, where the relationship and use of so called product life cycle models must be coherently related to previously conceived paradigms, resulting in a sharpening of both a conceptual awareness regarding what constitutes a product life cycle model and what doesn’t, and also how such models may be legitimately applied. But the debate is also operating in a more unstructured fashion outside academic circles, fuelled by a plethora of grey literature and internet contributions, many positing their own form of the product life cycle. If the aim of this paper is explicitly to distinguish various product life cycle theories, specifying the realm, models, usage, and state of the art development of each type. As the theories are presented both in the business and engineering domain, the ebsco business source premier database is employed for searching for journal articles related to the concept.

Owing to time and resource limits, we have limited our explorations to peer reviewed papers that contain the keyword product life cycle or product lifecycle in the title. Furthermore, articles which are not available in full text in the database are ignored. From the specified database a total of 118 records were retrieved using the above criteria.

Among the articles, 115 papers were identified for further examination one article was an erratum and was thus excluded from consideration, and two other articles found to be unrelated to the set of product life cycle theories discussed in this paper, were also discounted. Among the 115 articles, 77 articles discussed the traditional product life cycle model m plc , and 37 articles followed the latter product life cycle concept e plc while the one remaining article was related to both of the theories. For a more emerged as the most used product life cycle modeling concept in the last few years while the m plc although by no means totally neglected has probably gone beyond its peak in terms of research interest.

There is the evolution of consumer behaviour a dual demand of a large variety and personalised products has encouraged firms to enlarge their product range. As a result, certain products have a very short life cycle a few weeks to a few months. The supply chain for these products cannot be exactly the same as for mass market products.

In this article, we propose a literature review specific to short life cycle products’ supply chain. We cover the three following fields: demand forecasting, inventory management, and production management. The first deals with demand forecasting for cds and the second deals with the printing policy for an annual guide. The absence of sales history in the case of short life cycle products does not allow the use of classical models for calculating forecasts. The results of the study conducted on the policy of edition of an annual guide showed that the total cost of the second policy is lower. The production management of short life cycle products can be based on the following triptych. Modular design, delayed differentiation and flexibility to our knowledge, this item is not available for download.

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Check below under related research whether another version of this item is available online. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: repec:dau:papers:123456789/8234. For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: alexandre faure if you have authored this item and are not yet registered with repec, we encourage you to do it here. Over the past two decades, consequential life cycle assessment clca has emerged as a modeling approach for capturing environmental impacts of product systems beyond physical relationships accounted for in attributional lca alca.