ϻ�summary the bridal party the story begins in normandy, sometime around may. The main character, mike curly, is introduced, along with the news that his ex girlfriend, caroline dandy, whom he dated for two years, is engaged and will be getting married in paris. ϻ�summary the bridal party the story begins in normandy, sometime around may.

International examinations as literature in english: syllabus 9695 notes for teachers on stories set for study from stories of ourselves: the university of cambridge international examinations anthology of short stories in english for examination in june and november 2010, 2011 and 2012 contents. The metamorphosis of filipino as national language filipino the term used in both the 1973 and 1987 philippine constitutions to designate as the national language of the philippines, whether de jure or de facto. It matters not has come full circle to prick the national consciousness and lay its vexing burden at the feet of our national planners, as well as of the academe. For indeed, the past six decades since 1935 has seen pilipino or filipino, its more acceptable twin tossed in the waves of controversies between the pros and and the antis as each camp fires off volleys of linguistic cognoscente or even garbage, as the case may be, while the vast majority watched with glee or boredom. With a strong constitutional mandate to evolve, further develop, and enrich filipino on the basis of existing philippine and other languages art. Xiv, sec.6, 1986 constitution , our language planners were supposedly equipped to deal with the legal and administrative details of the problem, after the sad episodes appurtenant to its admittedly emotional sideshows in the 1971 constitutional convention santos, 1976 and the polemical articles of vicente sotto, et.

The researcher fully agrees with the observation that a national language can be a unifying concept of our continuing struggle against our colonizers atienza,1996 , of freeing ourselves from our colonial mindset maceda, 1996. Still, the illusory pitfalls constatino, 1996 warned about in the development of the national language compendium can be cause for some soul searching pause, even as others deny them almario, 1996 with equal logic. But if debates must continue, the let the game begin and may the best argument as perceived by its arbiters. Language and culture are, after all, inseparable, with the people's lexicon mirroring their culture. Virtually everyone agrees that media print, radio, and television and now, cyberspace has had a profound influence on people, especially on their language. The filipino spoken today, especially by the young 35 years old and below is undeniably distinctive, to use a loose term, and may have been so influenced by media to a greater extent. This filipino is spoken by a significant segment of the population and it warrants a linguistic inquiry.

My Favourite Book Essay for Class 6

Selected articles from filipino tabloids and dailies, scholarly papers from the university of the philippines press, candid and structured interviews of college students, television news, sitcoms and talk shows, and radio programs in metro manila are some of the culled sources for the filipino words, phrase, or sentences found in this study. Filipino, tagalog, and cebuano words are arrayed for cognate purposes, with english juxtaposed as a meta or reference language. The conclusion derived therefrom form the bulk of the recommendations of this researcher, particularly on the key success variables that could ensure the continuing development and metamorphosis of filipino as the national language of the philippines in the next century. The issue of our national language has been around for the past 60, or maybe even 90, years. The inhabitants of an archipelago with over a hundred languages need a common language with which they could communicate with each other and express themselves as a people of one nation. The 1987 constitution provides that, the national language of the philippines is filipino. As it evolves, it shall be further developed and enriched on the basis oe existing philippine and other languages.

Hiring a Professional Writer for Academic Work

Perhaps it is unfortunate that when the philippine commission passed a bill in 1908 providing for an establishment of an institute of philippine languages and the training of public school teachers thereon, the philippine assembly rejected it through leon ma. Guerrero, its chairman on public instruction who recognized the need for a common language for the filipinos but who opted to adopt a foreign language instead of the native ones. Butte, addressing the catholic women'sleague, encouraged the use of the vernacular as medium of instruction in the primary grades i to iv. He opined: if we may assume that one of the national objectives of the philippines will be to preserve the important native languages, as far as practicable, the schools may contribute to the realization of this national objective by abondoning english as the sole medium of instruction in the elementary schools. Santos addressed the first indepence congress on 30 february 1930 by expounding on the vernacular as a factor in national solidarity and independence. 588 which provided for the use of the vernacular as the medium of instruction in all public elementary and secondary schools. In 1934 and 1935 the national language issue was discussed during the consti tutional convention.

And the constitution mandated in section 3, article xi: the national assembly shall take steps toward the development and adoption of acommon language based on one of the existing native languages. The national language institute was established on 13 november1936 pursuant to commonwealth act no. 184, and it was tasked with the study of philippine dialects in general for the purpose of evolving and adopting a common national language based on one of the existing native tongues. Once the language is selected, the institute is to prepare its grammar and dictionary within two years.

Essay Review for Mba Application for Cheap

Then it shall purify the language by weeding out the unnecessary foreign words, phrases, or other grammatical constructions, and enrich it through borrowing from the native languages and dialects, from spanish, and from english in that order. And any word adopted into the national language should be subjected to the phonological rules and ortography of the philippine languages. In 1937, the institute recommended tagalog and came up with the balarila and the tagalog english dictionary. In 1959, the department of education called the tagalog based national language pilipino. In 1965, some congressmen took the cudgels againsts the propagation of pilipino, which to them is puristang tagalog, as the national language.

This period witnessed the purists coining words like salumpuwit chair , salimpapaw airplane , sipnayan mathematics , etc. In 1969, some non tagalog speakers, like the madyaas pro hiligaynon society and some cebuano groups complained against the movement of manila toward purismo. This gave rise to the problems that needed to be resolved before the non tagalog speakers could accept tagalog as their own wikang pambansa. Be that as it may, the board of national education ordered in 1970 the gradual shift to pilipino as medium of instruction in the elementary starting with grade 1 in the school year 1974 75 and progressing into higher grades, a level each year.

Eb White Essays Online

It was also adopted as the medium of instruction for rizal and history subjects in colleges and universities. In addition, it will bring about a national unity and identity among filipinos, as they can now express themselves and communicate with each other in a common language. The 1973 constitution states the national assembly should endeavor towards developing and formally adopting a common national language to be called filipino. Meantime, pilipino and english remain the official languages unless repealed by law.

Pilipino has borrowed and adopted a lot of words from the spanish lexicon, spain being the country's colonizer for over 300 years. These words are carried over to filipino as pilipino, as these lexical items have now undergone phonological and morphological processes and appear to be native terms. Tabloids, dailies, weeklies, showbiz magazines, even the cebuano weekly bisaya are awashed with english words.

How Do I Start My Definition Essay

The academicians as well as the newscasters in radio and television have adopted english words freely and liberally. The evolution of the wikang pambansa, now known as filipino, has not remained uneventful, as one finds out from the its historical perspective in the previous section. From 1935 onwards, to the present 1990s we have seen this language develop, first as tagalog based that barely ill disguised itself as the national language a clear victory of manuel l. Quezon and the espousal of the tagalistas over the bisayan hopes of sotto and his ang suga advocates then, in 1959 acquiring the term pilipino given to it by executive fiat to remove the last vestiges of tagalogism and imprint its national character. In 1965, when the puristas purists attempted to enhance the vocabulary through artificial wordsmithing and thereby intensifying the 'word war with their critics.

Then, beginning in the 1970s which saw pilipino finally being used as medium of instruction at the primary and secondary levels of public and private schools. And, lastly, from its 1987 constitutional enshrinement as filipino to the present an amalgamation of pilipino/tagalog, spanish, and a preponderance for english in respelled forms. Some lexical items given in the appendix will now be discussed here as representing a type of dominant filipino written or spoken in: a the academe b a language journal c a cebuano weekly of general circulation d an article written by a noted filipino linguists e a series of tv news broadcasts, and f somemetro manila daily tabloids. The choice of sources for these lexical items is rather arbitrary, albeit on firm linguistic ground that the best sources of data are the people themselves what they speak, what they read, and so on.