Because of its many unique properties, water was able to start life on our planet. In nature, water naturally exists in all three physical states of matter solid, liquid and gas. Water's extraordinary properties are emergent properties resulting from water's structure and molecular interactions.

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Living cells are 70% 95% h2o the simple structure of h2o is the source of all water's properties. With two hydrogen atoms sticking to an oxygen atom in a tetrahedron shape, water is considered as a polar molecule. Because oxygen is very electronegative, it pulls hydrogen's electrons towards it, causing oxygen to become partial negative. The hydrogen atoms then will have fewer electrons towards its own nucleus, therefore making it partial positive. Since positive charge and negative charge attracts each other, the molecular formation of h2o will result hydrogen bonding.

Each water molecule can form hydrogen bonds to a maximum of four other water four molecules. Organisms depend on the cohesion of water molecules hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together. As a result, most of the water molecules are bonded to their neighbors, which makes water more structured than other liquids. The hydrogen bonds hold the substance together in the phenomenon called cohesion. Cohesion since the hydrogen bonds connect water molecules together, water can reach the bonds leaves of plants through microscopic vessels extending from the roots. When water evaporates from a leaf, it is replaced by water in the vessels of the leaf. Hydrogen bonds cause the water leaving the leaf to pull on molecules further down the vessel.

Cohesion is related to surface tension a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or tension, break the surface of a liquid. Water moderates temperatures on earth water can absorb a relatively large amount of heat with only a slight change in its own temperature. Sorb this is why water is slower to cool on a cold day and slower to heat up on a warmer day. Water will change its temperature less when it absorbs or loses a given amount of heat. Heat must be absorbed in order to break hydrogen bonds, and heat is released when hydrogen bonds form.

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In order for water molecules to begin moving faster, hydrogen bonds must be broken. Thus, most of the energy from one calorie of heat is used to break the hydrogen bonds. When the temperature of the water drops slightly, many additional hydrogen bonds form and release a considerable amount of heat. A large body of water can absorb and store large amounts of heat from the sun in the daytime and summer while warming up only a few degrees. High specific heat of water also stablizes ocean temperatures and creates a favorable environment for marine life.

The water that covers most of earth plays an important role in keeping temperature fluctuations within a range that allows life. Since organisms are made mostly of water, they can better resist changes in their own temperature if molecules move fast enough, they can overcome attractions to one another and enter the air as a overcome gas. length: 593 words 1.7 double spaced pages water is the most important substance in our evolution and our daily lives. This essay will examine the water molecule in order to ascertain how it brought about earth's thriving ecosystem and how important it each water molecule consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms. The oxygen atom or the apex of the water molecule bears a slight electronegative charge while hydrogen possesses a more positive one. When an oxygen atom is linked to a neighboring molecule's hydrogen atom, a bond called a hydrogen bond is formed. In an ice crystal the hydrogen bonds to give the shape of the crystal so that the grid of molecules surrounds relatively to large spaces.

In a liquid form, water has no such spaces so ice is less dense and will float on liquid water. If not for this, great bodies of water would freeze from the bottom up without the insulation of a top layer of ice and all life in the water would die. The water molecule is a very small one but because of its unique properties it behaves like a larger one. The bonds between water molecules are so strong that water resists changes in its state solid, liquid, gas thus water has a higher melting point and a higher boiling point than another molecule of similar size. If water followed the example of other molecules its size it would have a boiling point of 75øc and a freezing point of 125øc4. This would mean that, on earth, water would be a gas all of the time and life would not be when heat is applied to solid water, some hydrogen bonds get so much kinetic energy that they break and the ice melts. Liquid water does not necessarily have all four hydrogen bonds present at all times but it must retain some of them.

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All plant life on earth benefits from the ability of water to make a hydrogen bond with another substance of similar electronegative charge. Cellulose, the substance that makes up cell walls and paper products, is a hydrophilic substance water loving . It interacts with water but, unlike other hydrophilic substances, it will not dissolve in it. This explains why a paper towel will wick water upwards when it comes in contact with it. Each water molecule will make a hydrogen bond with cellulose and pull another water molecule up from down below and so on.

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Without this feature, plants would find it more difficult to transport water up their stems to the leaves in order to make food through photosynthesis. Most of the heat introduced to water is used not to set water molecules in motion giving them kinetic energy and causing their temperature to rise , but to move hydrogen atoms around between neighboring oxygen atoms. If all of this heat was used solely to warm the water, living cells would boil in their own heat. If the heat was not dissipated by the water, all living things would cook themselves. In conclusion, it is apparent that water is the most important substance ever to have been created because it is so vital to our race. Its weird properties aid all living things to the chemical nature and biological significance of the water molecule water is a vital resource for all living things. The bodies of living organisms are mainly composed of water, and all living things need water to survive.

The many unique properties of water cause it to have a tremendous impact on our physical environment as well. Both molecules thereby complete their other shells, the hydrogen atom with 2 electrons and the oxygen atom with 8. This diagram shows how the hydrogen and two oxygen atoms combine together to form a water molecule. That is they form at an angle and as a consequence the positively charged hydrogen ions are on one side of the molecule and the negatively charged oxygen ions are on the other side. This polarization leads water molecules to be attracted to each other by a phenomenon called hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding causes water molecules in the atmosphere to combine and fall as raindrops. Hydrogen bonds are rather weak 20 kj/mol but significant and in large numbers, provide strength.