Was the south african war, between 1899 and 1902, fought to protect the south african war one of the largest and most taxed colonial war that the british empire had fought. Lain r smith feels that this war was fought to: end the situation of boer british rivalry over the transvaal вќ and many more historians would agree with him. In 1899, the forces of the boer republics, the orange free state and the south african republic, fought against britain's control over south africa.

They would not agree with britain's ultimatum of the placement and reinforcing of british troops in south africa. However, much of the useful land on the continent of south africa was under british control, and the main purposes of this war, argued by lain r smith were that imperialistic drive was a major factor in the war. The boers were predominantly farmers and herders who had left cape colony in order to escape the british control and establish a country under their rule.

Also, in transvaal, gold was found, and created new found wealth, which would also stage the south african war between the british and the boers. The british learnt of resources they could use in the african area, and so this led to major confrontation of who could control it. In a quest for political power to gain control of wealth in south africa, the british supported by two local businessmen, cecil jon rhodes and alfred beit planned to take over the transvaal republic. The boers felt that the british should not be able to take supremacy in their colonies.

However, the british felt that the war would be won easily, and went in with extreme confidence. They were wrong, because they were ignorant of how much the boers cherished their lands and independence, and they would fight with passion and strength to keep their freedom. Therefore the british had to use extreme measures by destroying anything that th our writers can help get your essay back on track, take a look at our services to learn more about how we can help. Essay writing service essay marking service place an order during the 1960s known as the african year, were by 17 african nations become independent , as the european powers granted independence to their colonies and trust territories in africa, pressure mounted on south africa to do so in namibia, which use to be called south west africa. On the dismissal 1966 by the international court of justice of a complaint brought by ethiopia and liberia against south africa's continued presence in the territory, the u.n. Pretoria imposed on swa a brutal system of colonial rule, bearing some striking similarities to apartheid itself.

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Rural reserves, called ``homelands`` were set up with the aim of controlling africans and keeping them divided along language and tribal lines. Many namibians have been deprived of their land and cattle, and thus forced onto the labor market, where they get jobs on white owned farms and foreign mining, fishing, industrial companies through a contract labor modeled on the south african system. Namibia's extensive mineral deposit diamonds, uranium, zinc, cop, tungsten, manganese, and others were exploited by south african, britain, and the u.s. Companies, with south african firms accounting for nearly half of the foreign investments 1 . When the league of nations was formed after the first world war, germany had colonies in africa especially south west africa, cameroon, togo land togo , tanganyika tanzania , rwanda and burundi. The allies were the americans, british, french and the soviet union against germany, italy, turkey and japan. In terms of the league of nations' mandate for south west africa, the responsibility of the well being and development of the indigenous population was vested in the administrator of south west africa, acting as an agent of the south african government.

It would also be true to say that after taking over the administration of south west africa in 1915, the south african government had little choice but to rely, on a large extent, to the existing and re established tribal authorities to rule large areas of the territory. Traditional authorities were, however, encouraged to play an active and increasing n power of the chiefs. At a later session of the commission, lord lugard the british african administrator had the following to say: it is also a matter of congratulation that the system of governing the various tribes through tribal councils continues to prove satisfactory and is being extended. They had neither the manpower, the means, nor the facilities to do otherwise in a country with a surface area of 824 269 square km and a population density which, even now, is only 1,5 persons per square km.

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Robert von lucius, the southern african correspondent of the `frankfurter allgemeine zeitung`, has pointed out that it is no exaggeration to say that the notion of ethnicity as a vital underpinning of public policy has been in practice for longer in what is now known as namibia, than in south africa. The formal establishment of ethnically based homelands in south west africa was thus a logical extension of a system of government, which had long been in operation in the territory. In 1947 the national party appointed a committee to draw up a program for the 1948 general elections. Its recommendations were published as a pamphlet in which apartheid was formally stated to be the party's policy.

Its main points included the preservation of white supremacy, separation of the races, and retribalization of the africans. In may 1948 the national party np came to power led by the afrikaner pastor and journalist daniel francois malan 1874 1959 and as result of that, animosity was built between the germans and the afrikaners boars 2 . He broke with james hertzog and formed a purified national party therefore differences on the constitution developed in the white community, and former servicemen formed the torch commando to oppose malanism. African reactions to malan's rule were without precedent in the history of south africa. Zulu chief albert luthuli, a known moderate who was later awarded the nobel peace prize for his advocacy of nonviolence, started speaking publicly of new methods of struggle.

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Violence, in which black south africans and whites were killed and wounded, erupted in the main industrial areas between 1948 and 1954. Within south africa territory, crises erupted in the colored, indian, and white communities. Differences on the constitution developed in the white community, and former servicemen formed the `torch` commando to oppose malanism. Malan resigned as leader of the national party toward the end of 1954 and died on feb. Who wrote this essay request removal example essays in 1959, the south african police came to the non white location to move the people further out of windhoek so that whites could settle in their place. Then a costly rebellion was launched, but it was a significant day in the history of namibia! it was the beginning of the long struggle for independence that was finally realized by the south west african peoples organisation swapo under its military wing peoples liberation army of namibia plan. ``to those colonies and territories which as a consequence of the late war have ceased to be under the sovereignty of the states which formerly govern them, and which are inhabited by peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under principle that the well being and development of such peoples form a sacred trust of civilization, and that securities for the performance of these trust be embodied in this covenant``.

The territory was placed under c mandate, which permitted south africa to administer it as an integral part of the neighboring union of south africa to administer it as an integral part of the union. Under the mandate it was stated that south africa could apply to the territory its own laws, but that it shall promote to the utmost and material, moral well being as well as the social progress of the inhabitants of the territory. The rest of the world had repeatedly rejected this defense of white supremacy and colonial domination in south africa, and namibia in particular. In the years after signing of the magna charter the great charter of freedoms , the principles of human rights and self determination were elaborated in a series of declarations and conventions, beginning with the universal declarations of human rights 1948 and continuing through the landmark declaration on the granting of independence to colonial countries and peoples 1960 and later the human rights covenants. All those instruments were ignored by south africa, which had its own notion of what the sacred trust meant 3 . While the international court of justice was grappling with legal aspects, the human tragedy elaborated over the years by many namibians who appeared before the united nations un bodies the special committee on south west africa, the special committee of 24 on decolonization, the assembly's fourth committee which deals with colonial matters , and special human rights panels. Over, south west africa protest, the general assembly decided that such petitioners must be heard.