Nowadays, the issue of ageing population is a subject of much attention in all over the world. Population ageing is a change in the composition of a country population toward older ages. This means there are an increase in the number of elderly people who are over 65 years old and a decrease in the number of younger people. It is predicted that the trend for an ageing population will rise in the next centuries. The ageing of the population presents serious problems for governments in terms of what the effects will be on healthcare, care services, pensions and future labor supply. One of the major worries about the growing number of elderly people in our society, which is likely to put significant pressure on public spending programs is how healthcare system can afford to support all of old people.

Healthcare is the area that is firstly affected by the changing age structure of the population, especially the increasing of older age groups. The more elderly people, the bigger a mount of money is spent on public healthcare. Moreover, it is the effect of increased life expectancy on per capita healthcare costs, and it implies that as the life expectancy lengthens, total healthcare costs are also likely to rise. A question is that how governments can support enough money, as well as medical treatment. In addition, the extra money which is spent on ageing population may lead to the lack of money for other social activities or for economical development. Besides, in some countries in which hospitals are private, the healthcare costs are very high.

In this case, some old people who do not have much money may not be able to afford the costly medical treatment after a certain point in their life. Consequently, the living standard will decline and other social problems may happen such as criminal. Another problem is that governments has to give a lot consideration about sheltered housing to adapting the design of new builds to ensure that they are suitable for ageing population such as: level access, wide corridors, doorways, bathroom facilities, sockets and light switches at a convenient height. Moreover, ageing population also affect on the demand for these social services, especially for pensions. Medical progresses over the last few decades have greatly lengthened our life expectancy.

Although no one knows exactly how long people will live on average but it is clear that recently there has been a very sharp improvement in longevity forcing the governments to support a greater number of pensioners for longer periods. This problem as well as healthcare costs have being exacerbated the national fund. Ageing population means fewer youth who is the main labors in almost factories and companies. In many countries, unexpected demographic changes will lead to significant declines in the growth of the labor force over the next decades. Furthermore, the ageing will also affect on the industry, as essential skills will be lost when employees retire given that there are fewer young professionals participating into the industry to replace those retiring. This is more and more serious because of the fact that the number of new recruits is declining and there will be nobody available to replace those retiring.

This could also mean that our society is losing a valuable teaching resource, because older worker often teach new entrants their skill, expertise and also their experience. In order to solve these problems above, the governments should have some solutions to prevent the economy and society getting worse and improve the living standard for all people. One of major policy options which are governments should do to adjust state budget is to control pension systems.

Some solutions can be done such as: delaying retirement, lowering pension payments including replacement rates and increasing contribution rates. Increasing retirement age or delaying retirement actually leads to people working for longer. It will help the industry to avoid the decline in labor participation and also providing the decreasing in number of pensioners. However, governments should ensure that all state workplace are suitable to older worker remaining in employment or encourages retirees to return to the labor force by exempting tax. Other solutions to adjust pension system are lowering pension payments and increasing contribution rate. Lowering pension payments is another way leading to old people continuous working.

These days, goods price and medical treatments costs increase dramatically, if government lower pension, which means elderly people may not afford to pay for their leisure entertainment or for healthcare treatments or even buying food. Therefore, they have to return to their job to earn more money to protect their life due to the fact that governments are not able to support them. Lowering pensions together with increasing contribution rate may alleviate the budged burden for government. Increasing contribution rates can be seen as a means of raising overall tax revenues. Another solution which the government can do to balance the rate between the number of old people and young people is reducing the cost of raising children, especially the education costs.

The education costs are too high even thought they send their children to state school. Furthermore, immigration should be another cure for the failing of young age groups and ageing population. However, the number of low skilled immigrants in the total number of immigrants should not be higher than the proportion among native people to prevent unemployment from rising. If you are the original writer of this essay and would like it removed from ukessays please email the url of this essay to us via the link below. An overpopulation essay should be written to describe the problem of population boom, which has been threatening our very existence, since years. Many countries like china, where the overpopulation problem has gained gargantuan proportions, already have rules in place, to deal with it.

Apart from only discussing about the population crisis, an overpopulation essay can also mention the steps taken by such countries in solving this problem. Overpopulation essay should focus on an introduction to the problem, anddiscuss its far reaching effects. An overpopulation essay can talk about the effects on the food chain and various resources also. The overpopulation essay can discuss in detail, about depleting housing and other resources, due to lack of space. There are lots of problems that over population creates and these should be explained in detail in an overpopulation essay. Overpopulation essay can also be written about war and famine arising out of man’s continuous greed for more. essays on overpopulation can focus on a number of different areas of the problems, like health, food and water issues, work and money, shelter and much more.

The overpopulation essay can even discuss the concepts from movies or futuristic books. Such an overpopulation essay should have content on deforestation and other aspects related to environment. The overpopulation essay can also focus on the food chain, the various rungs on it and how people experience different dependency. Overpopulation essay should essentially point out the biggest threat of over population namely the lack of resources, because of which the world can come to an end.

If you find it difficult to connect various thoughts and chain of events, while writing an overpopulation essay, you can easily have a well written overpopulation essay ordered to your needs, from a custom online writing service. Professional content writers may come to your rescue to do your job of overpopulation essay writing at a small fee. It has even been inferred to be true for homo sapiens see collapse by jared diamond, esp. Yet today this is still largely ignored by economists and politicians as well as some religious leaders who take the position that for man things are different. According to their beliefs we humans have transcended mere biology and so are somehow exempt from the laws of biological systems. Moreover, not just the growth of the population, but the increase in the amount of natural resources any given individual consumes is a sign of economic and societal good health. But the evidence that unfettered growth is not only not feasible, it is destructive to both mind and body of humans has begun to accumulate.

Paragraph on My Childhood Memory Essays

Human population size and per capita consumption do not scale well beyond a certain point. This is the environment's capacity to provide all of the resources needed by a species as well as the ability to dissipate that species waste products. Application of carrying capacity concepts to the human species has been tackled by a number of researchers see this reference for some background. The outcomes from these efforts are theoretical estimates of the optimum population size for the planet, given assumptions about the level of consumption per capita see i pat explanation . While the range of estimates is from as low as five hundred million to four billion, there seems to be a growing convergence pointing to a number closer to between one and two billion.

At this number, say one and a half billion, it is estimated that the population is sustainable at a reasonable living standard. Chief among these is that we have developed an energy infrastructure that provides high quality energy from renewable sources and is carbon free. Further, the waste products from our industry cannot overwhelm the environment's natural ability to dissipate it. Clearly there is a substantial difference between the 9+ billion projected for the year 2050 by the un commission on population and development and an optimal population of approximately one and a half billion at steady state. The central question is: how do we achieve a number in line with the long term sustainable carrying capacity of the planet while preventing a population crash as has been seen in other biological systems? kenneth smail. Emeritus professor of anthropology at kenyon college, has written extensively on this topic.