Apa american psychological association style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6 th edition, second printing of the apa manual, offers examples for the general format of apa research papers, in text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the publication manual of the american psychological association.

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Paiz, elizabeth angeli, jodi wagner, elena lawrick, kristen moore, michael anderson, lars soderlund, allen brizee, russell keck your reference list should appear at the end of your paper. It provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any source you cite in the body of the paper. Each source you cite in the paper must appear in your reference list likewise, each entry in the reference list must be cited in your text. Your references should begin on a new page separate from the text of the essay label this page references centered at the top of the page do not bold, underline, or use quotation marks for the title. All lines after the first line of each entry in your reference list should be indented one half inch from the left margin.

Authors' names are inverted last name first give the last name and initials for all authors of a particular work for up to and including seven authors. If the work has more than seven authors, list the first six authors and then use ellipses after the sixth author's name. Reference list entries should be alphabetized by the last name of the first author of each work.

For multiple articles by the same author, or authors listed in the same order, list the entries in chronological order, from earliest to most recent. Maintain the punctuation and capitalization that is used by the journal in its title. For example: recall not recall or knowledge management research amp practice not knowledge management research and practice. capitalize all major words in journal titles. When referring to books, chapters, articles, or web pages, capitalize only the first letter of the first word of a title and subtitle, the first word after a colon or a dash in the title, and proper nouns.

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Do not capitalize the first letter of the second word in a hyphenated compound word. Do not italicize, underline, or put quotes around the titles of shorter works such as journal articles or essays in edited collections. please note: while the apa manual provides many examples of how to cite common types of sources, it does not provide rules on how to cite all types of sources.

Therefore, if you have a source that apa does not include, apa suggests that you find the example that is most similar to your source and use that format. For more information, see page 193 of the publication manual of the american psychological association. Apa style does not include the website, book, or article title in the in text citations. In that case, you include enough of the title to enable to reader to find the relevant entry in the references. For example, if your article by an anonymous author is titled evidence of influences of eurasian mythology in charles darwin's unpublished works. you do not italicize the in text citation, even when using a title which is correctly italicized in your reference list. for more information on the correct use of apa style, consult the publication manual of the american psychological association. Apa style dictates the format of references and citations in academic papers.

Therefore, when preparing the bibliography of a paper that uses apa style, you must italicize all book titles. Scientific papers and legal scholarship frequently employ foreign words and jargon. The apa style manual specifies that words borrowed from other languages also must be italicized.

Therefore, the apa style requires italics type face for abbreviated terms borrowed from latin, including i.e. Apa style rules require the use of italics to alert the reader that a term has a special meaning. Therefore, if you are using a term of art or a word that is meant to be cast ironically or as slang, italicize the word. Apa style requires the use of italics only in the first instance that the word or terminology appears in the paper. The apa style manual recognizes that the use of italics in such a case is to draw the reader's attention to a particular point that is being made by the author. If your sources or questions are not covered in this guide, consult the publication manual of the american psychological association 6 th edition located on closed reserve or in the reference section ref 808.06 p976 or check out the apa website or purdue university's online writing lab.

Guidelines for listing the sources you cited in your paper the reference page should be a separate page at the end of your paper entitled references and formatted in this way:

organization/authors

hanging indentation

capitalization

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brackets – enclose any non routine information that is important for identification in brackets immediately after the article title. italics – italicize magazine or journal titles and journal volume numbers. For internet sources, the retrieval statement should include: retrieved month amp day, year from url. Retrieval statements are not needed if online journals are identical to the print version. Apa says that retrieval statements for articles retrieved from databases is optional. The inquisitive expressions don’t fade because they didn't want to hear don’t sweat it. News style harkens back to the days when printing presses were like dinosaurs: huge, clunky, and destined for extinction.

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Gt gt book publishers, which have a greater need to print things like tables and charts and excerpts, have had a greater need for flexible printing options, including italics. So, because they can, they skip the quotation marks and just italicize those titles instead. Gt gt book publishers also italicize magazine titles, but put article titles and chapter titles in quotation marks. If, like the people in those grammar seminars, you need a thorough how to, just consult a style guide. this entry was posted on monday, january 31st, 2011 at am and is filed under blog.