Showing result 1 5 of 141 swedish dissertations containing the words thesis in tuberculosis. This thesis presents the cloning, purification, crystallization, and structural studies of two unknown proteins from mycobacterium tuberculosis, and of an aminotransferase from mycobacterium smegmatis. Structural knowledge of these proteins is of highest interest for structure based drug design, which is one of the approaches that can be used in order to fight tuberculosis tb. Read more university dissertation from lund university tuberculosis, or tb, is an infectious bacterial disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is transmitted from person to person via droplets from the throat and lungs of people with the active respiratory disease.

In healthy people, infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis often causes no symptoms, since the person's immune system acts to wall off the bacteria. The symptoms of active tb of the lung are coughing, sometimes with sputum or blood, chest pains, weakness, weight loss, fever and night sweats. This report provides a comprehensive and up to date assessment of the tb epidemic and progress in implementing and financing tb prevention, care, control and research at global, regional and country levels using data reported by over 200 countries that account for more than 99% of the world's tb cases. In this 2015 edition, particular attention is given to assessment of whether 2015 global tb targets set in the context of the millennium development goals were achieved worldwide and at regional and country levels. Tuberculosis is a common and infectious communicable disease that is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis.

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It is of two principle kinds: pulmonary tb, which usually attacks the lungs, and extra pulmonary tb, which attacks any part of the body, such as: the lymphatic, pleural, bone and/or joint, genitourinary, miliary, peritoneal, meninges and/or central nervous system cns , and all other sites combined. Pulmonary tb sometimes combined with extra pulmonary tuberculosis parimon, 2008 sreeramareddy et al. Tuberculosis is spread in form of droplets which are expelled when the infected persons cough, sneeze, speak, or sing. Close, prolonged, frequent, or intense contacts are the main ways that leads to 22% of the infection rate.

Other resources include: foreign born from areas where tb is common, residents and employees living in plagued congregate settings, health care workers who serve severely infected clients, low income populations, highly inflicted racial or ethnic minority populations, children exposed to severely infected adults, and persons who inject illicit drugs. Extra pulmonary tb that occurs outside the lungs may spread through lymphatic or hematogenous dissemination to any tract or through coughing and swallowing to the gastrointestinal tract. Such a type of bacteria may remain dormant for years at a particular site before causing the disease. Since extra pulmonary tb can affect virtually all organs, it has a wide variety of clinical manifestations. A matter which causes difficulty and delay in its diagnosis mehta, 1991 gonzalez et al. Though, it is said to be more often diagnosed in women and young patients rieder et al.

In the united states, extra pulmonary tb is associated with ethnic minorities and with those born in other countries rieder et al. 1990 while in asia, lymphatic tb occupies the front position of the risky infectious diseases cowie and sharpe, 1997, 1998 moudgil and leitch, 1994 nisar et al. A study of somali tb patients in minnesota showed frequent lymphatic tb as well kempainen, et al. In hiv infected patients, the frequency of extra pulmonary tb depends on the degree of decrease in cellular immunity huebner and castro, 1995 barnes, et.al.

While in patients with lt 100 cd4 cells/ml, extra pulmonary and disseminated tb counts for 70% of all forms of tb jones, et al. The materials needed for culture confirmation of extra pulmonary tb is much more difficult than that for culture confirmation of pulmonary tb gonzalez, et al. Statistically speaking, mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the world's population and is the most common single death causing agent in young adults who, 2008.

Worldwide, one person out of three is infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis, i.e. Currently, it holds the seventh place in the global ranking of the causes of death. Economically speaking, tb hinders socioeconomic development for the high percentage of the disease, 75%, afflict the productive age group that ranges between 15 54 years. Furthermore, ninety five per cent of all cases and 99% of deaths occur in developing countries, with the greatest burden in sub saharan africa and south east asia dye, 2006 world health organization, 2006a. Despite the availability of effective drugs for more than 50 years, every 15 seconds, someone dies from tb. Besides, the percentage of tb infection is every second of every day dye, 2005 who, 20. In light of this, dye 19 and smith 2004 add that unless intensive efforts are made, it is likely to maintain that position through to 2020 and it is likely for a person with active tb to infect an average of 10 to 15 other people every year.

Dissertation Topics In Tuberculosis Text

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