length: 626 words 1.8 double spaced pages there are many causes for water pollution. The reason for that is that plastics take four hundred and fifty years to decompose in the water. Because water can float and be carried by the wind, it can cause harm to unsuspecting creatures hundreds of feet from where it was originally dumped. Such waste includes bags, bottles, cups, straws, cup lids, utensils, six pack causes and effects of advertising of water pollution in lake huron luis paredes water quality is very much in the news these days and it is also a growing public concern. Water is one of the most important resources on the planet and affects nearly every aspect of life. The great lakes watershed contains a large percentage of the world's fresh surface water. The lakes support the water needs, and jobs of millions of people and poor water quality is an increasing frustration.

Description: essay on water pollution: sources, effects and control of water pollution! water pollution is defined as the addition of some substance organic, inorganic, biological, and radiological or factor e.g. Heat which degrades the quality of water so that it either becomes health hazard or unfit for use. Domestic wastes and sewage: raw sewage contaminates water with pathogens. Micro organisms causing degradation of sewage take up most of the oxygen present dissolved in water. Organic waste gives rise to scum and sludge that makes the water unfit for recreational and industrial use. It induces the growth of some algal blooms that add to the depletion of oxygen, addition of more organic matter and fouling of water.

The phosphates present in detergents further stimulate algal growth that add to the organic loading of water. The pollutants present on the surface of land and fertilizers added to the soils are washed down into water reservoirs and water courses during rains. This flow of fertilizer rich water into streams and lakes gives rise to eutrophication. The important toxic chemicals presents in them are: it is released during combustion of coal, smelting of metallic ores, chloralkali, paper and paint industries.

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In water it gets changed into water soluble dimethyl form ch, 2hg and enters the food chain accompanied by biological or ecological amplification. Human beings feeding on poisoned animals and fishes develop a crippling deformity called minamata disease. The sources of lead pollution are smelters, battery, industry, paint, chemical and pesticide industries, automobiles exhausts, etc. It shows biological amplification and accumulates inside kidneys, liver, pancreas and spleen. It causes renal damage, emphysema, hypertension, testicular necrosis and damage to placenta.

Several types of liquid effluents containing toxic chemicals, acids and bases, are added to the rivers and other water bodies. Some examples of large scale effluent addition into rivers are yamuna near okhla, delhi , gomti near lucknow , ganga near kanpur and hoogli near calcutta. Many industrial processes are causing thermal pollution leading to higher temperatures. These industries do not contaminate the water supply, but use a lot of water for cooling purposes and return this water to the stream at a higher temperature, which affect the biotic components in the aquatic habitat. Warmer water holds less oxygen 14 ppm at 0°c, 1 ppm at 20°c and hence its biological oxygen demand bod increases.

Oceanic pollution is caused by ship generated discharges of oil and petroleum products, noxious liquids, packaged dangerous goods, sewage, garbage etc. Migrating birds caught m the oil slicks losing their power of flight due to closer interlocking of barbules of the feathers, is common enough. Employment of detergents to clean the oil slicks has been found to be harmful to marine life. Any lake or sheet of fresh water, to begin with is oligotrophic, supporting a minimum of life forms. But in times it comes to be occupied by immigrant life forms, which on death and decay would make further immigration possible.

Finally, it comes to be occupied by a rich flora and fauna when it is said to have reached the eutrophic level i.e. In nature, this would take place through thousands of years but with industrialisation and other forms of human activity, this process of eutrophication, as it is called is achieved into a few decades. Water pollution by organic wastes is measured in terms of bio chemical oxygen demand bod. Bod is defined as the amount of oxygen required by microorganisms to stabilize decomposable organic matter in waste under aerobic condition.

It is oxygen required in milligrams for five days to metabolise waste present in one litre of water at 20°c. A weak organic waste will have bod below 1500 mg/litre, medium between 1500 1400 mg/litre while a strong waste above it. Since bod is limited to organic wastes, it is not a reliable method of measuring water pollution. It is an indicator of water or effluent quality which measures oxygen demand by chemical as distinct from biological means using potassium dichromate as the oxidizing agent. Oxidation takes 2 hours and the method is thus much quicker than a 5 day bod assessment. Water pollution can be controlled to a large extent on the principle, the solution to pollution is dilution.

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The sewage pollutants are subject to chemical treatment to change them into non toxic substances or make them less toxic. Water pollution due to organic insecticides can be reduced by the use of very specific and less stable chemicals in the manufacture of insecticides. Thermal pollution can be reduced by employing techniques through cooling, cooling ponds, evaporative or wet cooling towers and dry cooling towers. Domestic and industrial wastes should be stored in large but shallow ponds for some days. Due to the sun light and the organic nutrients present in the waste there will be mass scale growth of those bacteria which will digest the harmful waste matter.

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Polluted water can be reclaimed by proper sewage treatment plants and the same water can be reused in factories and even irrigation. Such a treated water being rich in phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen can make good fertilizer. Suitable strict legislation should be enacted to make it obligatory for the industries to treat the waste water before being discharged into rivers or seas. Water hyacinth popularly known as kaloli and jalkumbhi, can purify water polluted by biological and chemical wastes. It can also filter out heavy metals like cadmium, mercury, lead and nickel as well as other toxic substances found in industrial waste waters. Our writers can help get your essay back on track, take a look at our services to learn more about how we can help. â brian smith â this is not also the worst case disaster but also the most expensive one which will go on for years and continue to cost billions of dollars.

â this accidental disaster has killed hundreds of animals and birds as well as plant life.â millions of dollars in lost income to the business along the coast. Millions of americans are breathing contaminated air resulting from the evaporation of oil. The water is also being polluted by plastics and other plastic like substances, such as nylon, plastic bags and plastic bottles.â according to food and water watch, bottle water produce up to 1.5 million tons of plastic waste per year and that plastic requires up to 47 million gallons of oil per year to produce. Moreover the problem, baskind chris reports, is that this oil used is enough to keep a million cars going for a month.

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â it is well knownâ that the plastic bag can be recycled, but only two of every ten goes to the recycle center and the other go directly to the trash.â beside that, plastic bags are difficult and costly to recycle and need hundred years to photo degrade. Hence, they breakdown into tiny toxic particles and contaminate the soil and water, and then enter the food chain. This can be seen in, a broken plastic bottle or bag can be eaten by animals and may even result in loss of their life since the plastic is non biodegradable and will not break down in the environment.â also nylon or floating plastic bags can attach to fish and other marine animals, for example the royal terns, a species of sea birds dive from the air into the water to catch fish with their sharp beaks can be entangled in the plastic. Humphreys elizabeth sewage and waste water are some of the other problems which lead to water pollution or contamination.â the population is growing around the world at an alarming rate. â household products such as shampoo, laundry detergent and many other personal care products contribute to water pollution.â the sewage plants and the environment cannot take care of all the waste so, the excess waste acts as a food source for algae, which develops uncontrollable.â algae will take the oxygen out of the water. When it happens the plants, fishes and other living organisms cannot survive.â this also creates the outlet of the toxin to enter the food chain and harm the individuals who consume them.