The training in the first year comprises of participation in general and subject specific modules which leads to a masters qualification in social science research methods. Research training is increasingly being seen nationally and internationally as an important requirement for the successful completion of a doctoral thesis and cardiff business school places great store on this aspect of its postgraduate research studies programme. Successful completion of the research training part of the programme, with an average mark of at least 60%, is compulsory in order for students to proceed to the research topic stage. A list of academic staff that can provide supervision can be found on the cardiff business school website.

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Thus, the cmss phd program is intended to teach a selection of scholars that can span both worlds. The program at cmss will meet the needs of four types of students: serving military officers canadian and others those interested working in the government as defence analysts those interested working for security focused ngos those interested in academic careers in institutions that understand and appreciate the value of multidisciplinary work. Students in the phd program have a maximum of six years to complete their degree requirements, but are expected to complete their programs in four years. Phd students receiving financial support through the university and the centre will be funded through their first four years. applications are invited for phd scholarships at the centre for military studies, department of political science. Employment is to begin on 1 may 2011. the centre welcomes all applications within security, military strategy and defence studies, but will especially be interested in proposals for research projects within the following areas: effect measurements in military operations new concepts of military strategy danish defence policy civil military relations defence economics.

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Successful applicants will be part of the team of researchers working at the centre for military studies which is a centre at the department of political science committed to researching the strategic choices facing denmark and other western societies in a time of change. The centre has a strong focus on thorough empirical studies as a foundation for theoretical innovation within strategic studies. The centre is funded by the 2010 14 defence bill and conducts research based studies for the danish ministry of defence and the group of political parties behind the danish defence budget. The phd students will be part of the copenhagen graduate school of social sciences, university of copenhagen.

The phd programme provides phd students with strong research training which opens up a window of opportunity to a variety of careers within the private and public sectors. The programme includes the drafting of a phd thesis, active participation in research networks, phd courses, teaching and other forms of knowledge dissemination. Admission requirements in addition to the requirements of the faculties of graduate studies and arts, cmss requires: master of strategic studies mss , course based and thesis based a a bachelor’s degree with a grade point average of at least 3.40 on a four point scale. C an agreement to supervise by a potential supervisor from applicants to the thesis based program. doctor of philosophy applicants will be admitted only if the cmss graduate committee is satisfied that adequate supervision is likely to be available for the duration of their studies. Successful applicants should be aware that admission to the program does not imply a centre commitment to provide supervision for all research interests they may have. Students are also advised to consult the faculty of graduate studies and the academic regulations section in this calendar.

Prerequisites for admission to the phd program are: a a completed master's degree. B a gpa of 3.70 on a four point scale over all completed graduate courses in the master's program 3.40 in the undergraduate program over the last 60 units 10 full course equivalents or two years of study. E a representative piece of written work, normally a master's thesis chapter or major research paper. F the centre requires a tentative agreement from a faculty member to supervise, so students need to contact potential supervisors at the beginning of the application process. G all students whose native language is one other than english are required to pass the toefl test with a minimum score of 600 written , or 92 internet based , or 7.0 on the ielts test, or 84 on the melab test, or 70 on the pte test.

In addition to standard university awards and scholarships, students can apply to the centre for funding to subsidize research and conference travel. Students choose to study at the centre, not only for the opportunity to study with a world class faculty, but because cmss is a place where graduate students excel. For more information on our graduate programs please contact: at the end of each chapter of eric foner, give me liberty, vol.1, there are a series of review questions. How did the limited central government created by the articles of confederation reflect the issues behind the revolution and fears for individual liberties? 2. What events and ideas led to the belief in 1786 and 1787 that the articles of confederation were not working well? 3. What were the major arguments in support of the constitution given by the federalists? 4.

What were the major arguments against the constitution put forth by the anti federalists? ch.14, a new birth of freedom: the civil war 1861 1865 1. Describe how president lincoln’s war aims evolved between 1861 and 1863, changing from simply preserving the union to also ending slavery. How did the actions of slaves themselves, as well as northern military strategy and the emancipation proclamation, combine to end slavery? 3.

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How did federal policies undertaken during the civil war transform the united states into a stronger nation state economically, politically, and ideologically? ch.15, what is freedom. The women’s movement split into two separate national organizations in part because the 15th amendment did not give women the vote. By what methods did southern whites seek to limit african american civil rights and liberties? how did the federal government respond? 3. Over the following 10 years, the company produced photographic films, motion picture films and x ray films. In the 1940s, fuji photo entered the optical glasses, lenses and equipment markets.

After the second world war, fuji photo diversified, penetrating the medical x ray diagnosis , printing, electronic imaging and magnetic materials fields. In the 1980s, fuji photo expanded its production and other bases overseas, stepping up the pace of its business globalization. Meanwhile, fuji photo developed digital technologies for its photo related, medical and printing businesses. Like its rival eastman kodak, which dominated in the us, fuji photo enjoyed a long time near monopoly on camera film in japan. Demand for photographic films plunged in line with the growing popularity of digital cameras. In response, fuji photo implemented management reforms aimed at a drastic transformation of its business structures.

As early as the 1980s, the company had foreseen the switch from film to digital, so it developed a three pronged strategy: to squeeze as much money out of the film business as possible, to prepare for the switch to digital and to develop new business lines. While both film manufacturers recognized this fundamental change, fuji photo adapted to this shift much more successfully than eastman kodak which filed for bankruptcy in january 2012. Fuji photos diversification efforts also succeeded while kodaks had failed furthermore kodak built up a large but barely profitable digital camera business that was undone quickly by smartphone cameras. How fujifilm survived an article by the economist 2012 contrasted the paths of fujifilm with kodak and stated that ‘kodak acted like a stereotypical change resistant japanese firm, while fujifilm acted like a flexible american one’. A closer examination of fujifilm is also warranted to understand how it made the transition away from film. Where kodak tried to monetize its r amp d in its core business photography , the digital imaging sector accounts for only about one fifth of fujifilm’s revenue. Shigetaka komori fujifilm ceo expressed admiration for kodak in the past calling it ‘the strongest company i ever saw’.