the canterbury tales is an undoubtedly a richly textured work that draws in and combines many different elements of many genres. As a collection of tales it forms a rich tapestry woven from a selection of threads that neatly cover the spectrum of chaucer's society, and utilises a range of styles which are appropriately diverse and which suit the personality of each individual storyteller. But the casually adopted view that chaucer utilised a separate genre for each of his tales is an over simplification of a far more subtle overall generic scheme. Eckhardt explains that up to the twelfth century, medieval statements about genre, such as those of isidore of seville, bernard of utrecht, honorius of autun and matthew of vendome, usually accounted for no more than four identifiable poetic genres. In the thirteenth century, geoffrey of vinsauf and john of garland extended these lists, though not by much. At this time, the concepts of tragedy and comedy had little to do with humour or pathos, but were instead measures of the movement of fortunes of the characters involved, as well as their social status geoffrey of vinsauf describes comedy as a rustic song dealing with humble persons, beginning in sadness and ending in joy ctc 181 and tragedy as a work showing the misfortunes of grave persons, beginning in joy and ending in grief ctc 181. In all likelihood chaucer was of the same opinion his manipulation of the generic guidelines that he had inherited through hellip adobe acrobat document 6kb.pdf there is nothing in the least childlike about fairy tales marina warner walt disney was born in 1901 and started his animation career in the 1920's.

His films have had a profound impact the world over, being immensely popular with children and ambiguous with critics. Bell states, it would not be an exaggeration to assert that disney was a radical film maker who changed our way of viewing fairy tales, and that his revolutionary technical means capitalised on american innocence and utopianism to reinforce the social and political status quo. Disney worked to promote american idealism, to provide a source of entertainment, to educate children, and ultimately to make money in the process. Disney thus realised that his films exercised considerable influence on the child's viewing of the world, their hopes, dreams, thoughts and expectations. For this, and public expectation that he will educate children about good morals and the realities of life, disney has been debated and criticised over and over again. hellip dicken's bleak house and eliot's middlemarch 1871 are two victorian novels very different in tone, in structure noting in particular dicken's introductory use of a double narrative and, ultimately, in purpose.

Each novelist makes a poignant comment on the socio political order of living, and the realities for the individual and interdependent communities existing within the social infrastructure. Yet how far does each novelist go to maintaining their individual purposes, the personal goals they set out to achieve through the writing of two such successful novels? in order to answer this question it is necessary to first analyse the purposes that are perceivable from the novels themselves. hellip adobe acrobat document 63kb.pdf

the search for something outside the self, some goal or new truth, so often in the fin de si cle period becomes a search within the self with potentially devastating results. Consider in the light of two works.

there is no morality, no knowledge, and no hope joseph conrad the term fin de si cle is generally used to describe a period of european history between 1890 1910. Literally meaning the end of a century , the period was one of much turmoil, anxiety and pessimism about the receding present and the approach of a new era. With darwin's origin of species 1859 causing revolutionary scientific thinking, religion was in serious decline as nietzsche radically claimed, god is dead. Darwin's theory of evolution involved a scientific account of the process of natural selection, which included the idea that all species will reform and will eventually become extinct.

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His biological ideas had a huge impact on the writers, thinkers and the general public of the day. Philosophical ideas about a nihilistic world and its effect on mankind were rife, and at the forefront of these fields were german philosophers schopenhauer and nietzsche. The controversial topic has raised many questions about how a child's gender identity is formed. Most theorists do not see biological nature and the rearing environment as independent of each other rather, the interaction between these components in order to create a gender identity is stressed. The degree of importance that is placed on either biology or environment, however, differs, and provides the basis for much of the continuing research into this topical area. Gender is one of the most important and fundamental aspects of our identity it can be described as a category that dictates societal views of individuals, and determines how humans come to view themselves whitehead, 20. Individuals are born or assigned a sex at birth, male or female, and every known culture distinguishes between male and female gross, 2005.

Yet it is the social assumptions made about the different sexes that determine ones gender masculine or feminine. The aim is to get students thinking creatively and analytically about the english language this differs from other modern language degrees as it is intended for students already proficient in written and spoken english. An english degree can focus equally on the literature and language sides, while others specialize in one or the other this will usually be clear from the course title. A course with a focus on english literature typically allows students to study literary texts from throughout history.

Often you’ll start with modules covering a diverse range of literature from different periods for instance, you could be reading shakespeare one week and virginia woolf the next. Your reading will require you to study and analyze passages, relating texts to their cultural, social, historical and political contexts. An english language focused degree will train students to analyze the workings of the english language outside of literature, including language based communication in all kinds of forms and contexts.

This could include analysis of casual spoken conversation, text speak, advertising methods or the uses of language in specialized legal and medical discourse. You will often require a high school or a level qualification in english language or english literature. Other humanities and arts subjects, such as history and politics, are also looked kindly upon in the admissions process. Those looking to study english will most likely enjoy both independent and group study, but you can expect majority of time spent gaining your english degree to be undertaken solo, as much of the course will require you to commit to long periods of reading and research outside of class. Because of this you’ll find yourself spending more time working at home or in the library than you will in seminars and lectures.

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Average hours of contact time with professors and fellow students vary, but you can expect approximately 10 12 hours a week in your first year and slightly longer in your following years as you take on a heavier workload. The rest of the time you are expected to conduct independent study and research for assignments as well as tackling the reading list. This solo work is often intensive, even in university holidays, and can take up around 20 30 hours a week. As you’d expect, an english literature degree will have a strong focus on canonical and classic literature, meaning one book a week is a pretty average schedule for a single module. Bear in mind however that you will be enrolled on an average of four modules at any one time – not only is passion for literature a must, but also an ability to read fairly quickly.

This intensive weekly reading is required for you to engage in criticism and analysis of the texts during lectures and seminars. The study of english literature and language will aim to stretch your independent thought and analytical skills. For this reason, lecturers will not spoon feed you information but rather expect you to develop your understanding by reading assigned critical theory and journals along with the key texts. Seminars and group discussion provide a setting in which to test your ideas on your fellow students and gain a better understanding through idea sharing and debate. An english degree is typically assignment based, with essays and papers to be submitted regularly.

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In some cases you may also be partly assessed based on your contributions to group discussions the combination of assessment methods used really depends on the institution. Depending on the country, it will take three or four years to earn a bachelor of arts ba in english, and a further one or two years to achieve a master of arts ma. You may also be able to combine your studies with a second subject as a dual degree or double major, with popular combinations including english and history, philosophy, education, linguistics or a second language. Meet our team of inspirational teachers the decline of literature indicates the decline of the nation.

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If you love to read everything from jane austen's books to the sides of cereal boxes, then a university degree in english literature may be for you. Students of literature get to reada pile of poetry and usually including the standard canon of chaucer, shakespeare and dickens and they're given the critical tools to pick those texts apart. English literature students graduate with skills that are useful in most fields of study and work. Many students go on to get higher degrees in the field,or in related subjects like linguistics others pursue careers in business and administration, journalism, editing, and teaching.

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