A bibliography is a list of all of the sources you have used whether referenced or not in the process of researching your work. The works cited or references list is only comprised of references to those items actually cited in the paper.

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here youll find vast amounts of information to help you plan, research, organize, write, and cite your papers. Does that research paper have your head spinning? fear no more, easybib is here to demystify the process and help you succeed. Get started by checking out our comprehensive presentation on the research process.

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Youll learn how to start your brainstorming process, how to go about research and find good sources, what it means to make an outline, how to structure arguments and ideas, and finally how to revise and edit your paper to make it air tight. This contains all the info youll ever need to understand and create bibliographies for your papers. Weve provided guides and examples that show how to cite just about anything, from a government document, to an interview, and beyond! here youll find pages of research weve compiled based upon the most popular topics cited on easybib. If you are having trouble starting your research, our topics pages are a good place to get started.

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You can get a general idea of the concepts youre working with, as well as credible and helpful links to expand your knowledge. After all, we made it just for you! the listing of books is of ancient origin. Lists of clay tablets have been found at nineveh and elsewhere the library at alexandria had subject lists of its books. Modern bibliography began with the invention of printing and at first consisted of trade bibliographies, i.e. Lists of the publications of important publishing houses, comparable to those in the present day publisher's trade list annual, british books in print, and books in print. there have been efforts at universal bibilography: in 1545 at z rich, konrad von gesner gesner, konrad von 151665, swiss scientist and bibliographer.

Gesner was noted for his scholarship and erudition in almost every field of knowledge. He lived in z rich and other european cities, teaching physics and natural history and practicing medicine and . click the link for more information. Published his bibliotheca universalis in 1895 the international institute of bibliography was established at brussels. There are national bibliographies, such as the library of congress catalog and the british museum catalogue subject bibliographies, such as sabin's dictionary of books relating to america and lists of the works of individual authors. Bibliographies of rare and old books include book prices current. the cumulative book index is a monthly bibliography of books in the english language that cumulates annually. the cambridge bibliography of english literature is useful for british publications, and the bibliographic guide to the study of the literature of the u.s.a., by c.

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The bibliographical index, which is cumulative, and world bibliography of bibliographies are useful compilations. The term bibliography is also used to describe books as physical objects and their production history, and has been expanded to include nonprint media such as microfilm. A branch of scholarly and practical activity the tasks of which include providing information on published works and their active dissemination, for definite social purposes. The discipline that studies bibliographical production, the history and theory of bibliography, and the organization and methods of bibliographical activity is called bibliographical science. The development of bibliography is assured by a system of special institutions the bibliographical service , the result of whose activity is bibliographical production, which is a type of reference literature.

Soviet bibliography studies and disseminates published works from the positions of communist party ideology and in the interests of the cultural development and communist upbringing of the people and the active promotion of socialist construction and scientific and technical progress. The distinguishing characteristics of soviet bibliography are its scientific and mass nature, its multinational character, and its striving to encompass by means of its service all categories of readers. Theoretical guidelines on problems of bibliography are contained in the works of v. In capitalist countries bibliography is often used as a means of propagandizing reactionary ideology, primarily under the slogans of ldquo objectivity, rdquo ldquo above party lines, rdquo ldquo freedom of information, rdquo and others. The term ldquo bibliography rdquo originated in ancient greece and initially signified ldquo the writing of books. Rdquo only from the middle of the 17th century did it come to be used in the sense of ldquo description of books. In the modern understanding the object of bibliography is considered to be published works of all kinds, including manuscript books created before the invention of book printing as well as manuscripts of modern times which have a social and scholarly importance for example, dissertations and also deposited manuscripts, that is, manuscripts which have been stored for preservation.

The transformation of printed text, caused by the development of technology and the appearance of microfilms, phonograph records, and other audiovisual materials, has led to the gradual widening of the object of bibliography. Over a lengthy period bibliography developed together with literary and scholarly criticism. The differentiation between the various branches of knowledge led to the separation of bibliography from these branches of activity, although the evaluations which published works receive from literary and scientific criticism only a small percent of published works receive such attention serve as a basis for characterizing these works in bibliography. The journalistic forms of bibliography have to this very day developed in considerable measure together with criticism.

In studying the content of published works bibliography is tangential to the specific branches of knowledge and can be considered an auxiliary branch subject bibliography. The development of bibliography has been greatly influenced by the achievements of science and culture, as well as by the growth of the reading demands of society. In turn, bibliography influences scientific, literary, and technical creative work, as well as publishing and library work, the book trade, education, and self education. In disseminating published works which have accumulated in libraries or which have been newly republished, bibliography facilitates the spread of definite scholarly points of view political, philosophical, and aesthetic opinions and technical improvements. It plays a large role in guiding the reader and thus has an effect on the formation of social consciousness. As distinguished from the latter, however, bibliography communicates information not about scientific theories, ideas, and facts in themselves but rather about the published works in which they are set forth, and it performs educational, enlightening, and guiding functions, in addition to its scientific and informational functions. In the ussr and many other countries there is a system requiring submission of an obligatory control copy of a published work on the basis of which published works are recorded for specific categories of readers and materials are then selected for specific purposes such as self education, scientific research activity, or the like.

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Of essential importance is the classification of published works, which in addition to selection is a means of making known their content and determining their scholarly and ideological significance. This classification is carried out as follows: by the forms of the published works books, periodical publications, and others by formal criteria, such as alphabetization of authors or titles, chronology, or place of publication and by content mdash thematic, subject, and systematic grouping. For the last of these the ussr has two basic schemes of classification mdash the universal decimal classification udc and the soviet library bibliographical classification bbk. These schemes, however, are only used as a common base for grouping published works, and in each specific case bibliographers create their own schemes of systematization, which are most effective in connection with the given theme, the reader rsquo s purpose, and the aim of the published works. Of the utmost importance is the description of the published works, which includes such information as the author rsquo s or authors rsquo last name, the title of the work, its subtitle, any data given above the title, place of publication, name of the publishing house, date of publication year , and scope number of pages and illustrations. Where necessary, the number of copies printed is indicated, as well as the price and other information.

Such elements of description are usually determined by established rules, as well as by standards in the ussr both are operative. The major ways to describe the content of a published work are through the annotation, the abstract, and, for its group description, the survey. In the selection, classification, and description of a published work there emerges the class party character of bibliography and its connection with a definite point of view regarding the classification of sciences and regarding the character and content of social phenomena. Depending upon its social purpose, bibliography may be divided into registration bibliography, scientific auxiliary bibliography, and recommended bibliography. According to the content of the materials being described bibliographically, distinctions are made between general bibliography and special, the latter including subject bibliography and thematic bibliography. Depending on the time of publication as reflected by the published works, bibliography may be divided into current bibliography, retrospective bibliography, and prospective bibliography.

According to the place of publication of the published works the distinctions are made between international bibliography, state bibliography, and regional bibliography in accordance with the geographic scope of the material being described bibliographically, a work may be included under national studies bibliography or a regional studies bibliography. The special types of bibliography consist of the bibliography of bibliographies secondary bibliography and biobibliography personal bibliography. To a considerable degree, the list of types enumerated above has a provisional character. Thus, on social purpose questions, besides those types cited above as being among the types of bibliography, some bibliographers would single out critical bibliography and mass information bibliography, whereas others would mention book trade bibliography, and so forth. During 1970 in the ussr there was developed the standard bibliography: terms and definitions, which is the first serious step on the path to regularizing bibliographical terminology. Depending upon the form of publication, there are distinctions made between bibliographical manuals, bibliographical journals, bulletins, and newspapers, as well as indexes and lists of literature that are part of books and articles.