Apa american psychological association style is most commonly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This resource, revised according to the 6 th edition, second printing of the apa manual, offers examples for the general format of apa research papers, in text citations, endnotes/footnotes, and the reference page. For more information, please consult the publication manual of the american psychological association. Paiz, elizabeth angeli, jodi wagner, elena lawrick, kristen moore, michael anderson, lars soderlund, allen brizee, russell keck last edited: 2013 09 18 1:51 there are two common types of papers written in fields using apa style: the literature review and the experimental report. Each has unique requirements concerning the sections that must be included in the paper.

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A literature review is a critical summary of what the scientific literature says about your specific topic or question. Your professor might ask you to write this kind of paper to demonstrate your familiarity with work in the field pertinent to the research you hope to conduct. A literature review typically contains the following sections: title page introduction section list of references some instructors may also want you to write an abstract for a literature review, so be sure to check with them when given an assignment. Also, the length of a literature review and the required number of sources will vary based on course and instructor preferences.

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note: a literature review and an annotated bibliography are not synonymous. If you are asked to write an annotated bibliography, you should consult the publication manual of the american psychological ass ociation for the apa format for annotated bibliographies. In many of the social sciences, you will be asked to design and conduct your own experimental research. If so, you will need to write up your paper using a structure that is more complex than that used for just a literature review. We have a complete resource devoted to writing an experimental report in the field of psychology here.

Title page abstract introduction method results discussion references appendices if necessary tables and/or figures if necessary make sure to check the guidelines for your assignment or any guidelines that have been given to you by an editor of a journal before you submit a manuscript containing the sections listed above. As with the literature review, the length of this report may vary by course or by journal, but most often it will be determined by the scope of the research conducted. If you are writing a paper that fits neither of these categories, follow the guidelines about general format. Consult your instructor, or look up advice in the publication manual of the american psychological association. When submitting a manuscript to a journal, make sure you follow the guidelines described in the submission policies of that publication, and include as many sections as you think are applicable to presenting your material. If certain information is particularly pertinent for conveying your research, then ensure that there is a section of your paper that adequately addresses that information.

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Basic structure of an apa style paper apa american psychological association style writing is widely used across all fields of study and is regularly used to cite sources within the social sciences. This paper details the basic structure of an apa paper, provides resources and tips to assist authors during the writing process. As stated by the publication manual of the apa, an abstract is a brief, comprehensive summary of the contents of the article it allows readers to survey the contents of an article quickly and, like a title, it enables persons interested in the document to retrieve it from abstracting and indexing databases 2010, p. Applying and understanding the method of apa style writing and its usage requirements and by referencing resources properly with in text citations and reference entries, you will undoubtedly connect with your readers. Basic structure of an apa style paper the american psychological association apa is commonly accepted as a standard for academic and professional writing.

Apa style is intended to provide writers specific guidelines for the formatting of papers and offer detailed instructions for citing any work that directly impacted their writing. Apa style is structured around three components: page formats, text rules, and documentation. Page formatting is made up of not only margins, indents, and spacing, but also the appearance of tables and figures, as well as how the paper is organized. Some of these rules address how abbreviations are used, when to write numbers as words, and using of quotations appropriately. When formatting an apa paper, the writer will use one inch margins on all sides of the paper. The text of the paper is double spaced throughout and the paper will consist of a title page, abstract, body of the document, references, appendixes, footnotes, tables, and figures. As a common rule, the writer should use the active voice rather than the passive voice.

The title page consists of the title of the paper, student name, course abbreviation, due date, and instructor’s name. The title of the paper should be in black, twelve point, and times new roman font, in upper and lower case letters, centered between left and right margins, and positioned on the upper half of the page. Third level heading is indented, lower case after the first word, bolded, and followed by a period. It is identified with a running head, the first line of the abstract is not indented, and the word abstract should be in upper and lower case letters centered at the top of the page.

Your abstract should be between 150 and 250 words and contain a brief overview about your topic and a conclusion. The beginning of your paper is the introduction and is not labeled with the word introduction instead it is headed by the title of your paper. The introduction should grasp the attention of the reader, develops the background, and shapes the purpose and reasoning of the paper. Within the body of your paper you should be clear, specific, and use expressive adjectives and minimize metaphorical words. In text citations help readers locate the cited source in the reference section of your paper. Source material must be documented in the body of the paper by citing the author. The creation of a professional essay requires a lot of knowledge form the writer, but the first thing to know and to remember is the peculiarity of the essay rsquo s structure.

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Each and every essay is written according to a basic structure that does not change: introduction and the body followed by a conclusion. The structure is the core of each paper that helps the writer to make a very well founded written construct. In order to compose an essay accurately the way it should be it is necessary to keep in mind the main hints concerning the contents of the essay structure elements.

Opening sentences introducing to the topic of the essay background information on it gradually leading to the analyzed aspect of the theme. A strong thesis statement defining and stating the point the author is making in the essay, the paper rsquo s main argument.

a good introduction requires several elements: body paragraphs

body paragraph 1 body paragraph 2 body paragraph 3, etc. the body of a basic essay may have as many body paragraphs as it is necessary to prove the author rsquo s argument of the thesis statement. It is vital to keep in mind that each paragraph is supposed to have one main argument to analyze and has to reveal it in one solid thought in a sentence called the topic sentence. therefore the amount of the body paragraphs equals the amount of topic sentences. conclusion it is usually written in one solid paragraph.

The conclusion always deals with summing up the essays arguments revealed in the topic sentences and the therefore present substantial evidence to prove the thesis statement. It is also important to mention the importance of the general conclusion of the essay. It goes without saying that different types of essay may require certain deflections from the basic essay structure. It order to get acquainted with them proceed to types of essays: before you start work on your research paper, it would be good to gather all your ideas into a logical sequence that can help you to expand while doing the research. A short outline for a research paper apa example can be very helpful during the working process. Citing on research paper apa style is what makes this style so widespread and comfortable to use.